CARLOS CASTANEDA THE FIRE FROM WITHIN Something was grabbing the edge of the mirror, as if from the inside of the glass, as if the glass surface were an open window and something or somebody were just climbing through it. Don Juan and I fought desperately; the loud thrash- ing continued unremittingly like an enormous fish in our bare hands. A strange shape was actually trying to climb up through it. . . I vacillated a second and the mirror flew out of my hands. "Grab it! Grab it!" Don Juan yelled. . . "A VISION OF THE SORCERER'S WORLD THAT IS FULL OF MIND-SPINNING IMPLICATIONS IN THE CASTANEDA TRADITION." ?United Press International "HIS STORIES OF INITIATION INTO THE WORLD OF MAGIC AND SORCERY. . . CAN BE BOTH MOCKING AND TERRIFYING. . . . THE FIRE FROM WITHIN WILL FASCINATE YOU." ?The Nashville Tennessean "ONE CAN'T EXAGGERATE THE SIGNIFICANCE OF WHAT CASTANEDA HAS DONE." ?The New York Times Each of Carlos Castaneda's books is a brilliant and tantalizing burst of illumination into the depths of our deepest mysteries, like a sudden flash of light, like a burst of lightning over the desert at night, which shows us a world that is both alien and totally familiar?the landscape of our dreams. THE FIRE FROM WITHIN is the author's most brilliant, thought-provoking and unusual book, one in which Castaneda, under the tutelage of don Juan and his "disciples," at last constructs, from the teachings of don Juan and his own experiences, a stunning portrait of the "sorcerer's world" that is crystal-clear and dizzying in its implications. "It's impossible to view the world in quite the same way after reading THE FIRE FROM WITHIN." ?Chicago Tribune I WANT TO EXPRESS MY ADMIRATION AND GRAT- ITUDE TO A MASTERFUL TEACHER, H. Y. L., FOR HELPING ME RESTORE MY ENERGY, AND FOR TEACHING ME AN ALTERNATE WAY TO PLENI- TUDE AND WELL-BEING. Contents FOREWORD 1. The New Seers 2. Petty Tyrants 3. The Eagle's Emanations 4. The Glow of Awareness 5. The First Attention 6. Inorganic Beings 7. The Assemblage Point 8. The Position of the Assemblage Point 9. The Shift Below 10. Great Bands of Emanations 11. Stalking, Intent, and the Dreaming Position 12. The Nagual Julian 13. The Earth's Boost 14. The Rolling Force 15. The Death Defiers 16. The Mold of Man 17. The Journey of the Dreaming Body 18. Breaking the Barrier of Perception EPILOGUE Foreword I have written extensive descriptive accounts of my apprentice relationship with a Mexican Indian sor- cerer, don Juan Matus. Due to the foreignness of the concepts and practices don Juan wanted me to under- stand and internalize, I have had no other choice but to render his teachings in the form of a narrative, a narrative of what happened, as it happened. The organization of don Juan's instruction was predicated on the idea that man has two types of awareness. He labeled them the right side and the left side. He described the first as the state of normal awareness necessary for everyday life. The second, he said, was the mysterious side of man, the state of awareness needed to function as sorcerer and seer. Don Juan divided his instruction, accordingly, into teachings for the right side and teachings for the left side. He conducted his teachings for the right side when I was in my state of normal awareness, and I have described those teachings in all my accounts. In my state of normal awareness don Juan told me that he was a sorcerer. He even introduced me to another sorcerer, don Genaro Flores, and because of the na- ture of our association, I logically concluded that they had taken me as their apprentice. That apprenticeship ended with an incomprehensi- ble act that both don Juan and don Genaro led me to perform. They made me jump from the top of a flat mountain into an abyss. I have described in one of my accounts what took place on that mountaintop. The last drama of don Juan's teachings for the right side was played there by don Juan himself; don Genaro; two apprentices, Pa- blito and Nestor; and me. Pablito, Nestor, and I jumped from that mountaintop into an abyss. For years afterward I thought that just my total trust in don Juan and don Genaro had been sufficient to obliterate all my rational fears on facing actual anni- hilation. I know now that it wasn't so; I know that the secret was in don Juan's teachings for the left side, and that it took tremendous discipline and persever- ance for don Juan, don Genaro, and their companions to conduct those teachings. It has taken me nearly ten years to recollect what exactly took place in his teachings for the left side that led me to be so willing to perform such an incompre- hensible act: jumping into an abyss. It was in his teachings for the left side that don Juan let on what he, don Genaro, and their companions were really doing to me. and who they were. They were not teaching me sorcery, but how to master three aspects of an ancient knowledge they possessed: awareness, stalking, and intent. And they were not sorcerers; they were seers. And don Juan was not only a seer, but also a nagual. Don Juan had already explained to me, in his teach- ings for the right side, a great deal about the nagual and about seeing. I had understood seeing to be the capacity of human beings to enlarge their perceptual field until they are capable of assessing not only the outer appearances but the essence of everything. He had also explained that seers see man as a field of energy, which looks like a luminous egg. The majority of people, he said, have their fields of energy divided into two parts. A few men and women have four or sometimes three parts. Because these people are more resilient than the average man, they can become na- guals after learning to see. In his teachings for the left side, don Juan explained to me the intricacies of seeing and of being a nagual. To be a nagual, he said, is something more complex and far-reaching than being merely a more resilient man who has learned to see. To be a nagual entails being a leader, being a teacher and a guide. As a nagual, don Juan was the leader of a group of seers known as the nagual's party, which was com- posed of eight female seers, Cecilia, Delia, Herme- linda, Carmela. Nelida, Florinda, Zuleica, and Zoila; three male seers, Vicente, Silvio Manuel, and Genaro; and four couriers or messengers, Emilito, John Tuma, Marta, and Teresa. In addition to leading the nagual's party, don Juan also taught and guided a group of apprentice seers known as the new nagual's party. It consisted of four young men, Pablito, Nestor, Eligio, and Benigno, along with five women, Soledad, la Gorda, Lidia, Jo- sefina, and Rosa. I was the nominal leader of the new nagual's party together with the nagual woman Carol. In order for don Juan to impart to me his teachings for the left side it was necessary for me to enter into a unique state of perceptual clarity known as heightened awareness. Throughout the years of my association with him, he had me repeatedly shift into such a state by means of a blow that he delivered with the palm of his hand on my upper back. Don Juan explained that in a state of heightened awareness apprentices can behave almost as naturally as in everyday life, but can bring their minds to focus on anything with uncommon force and clarity. Yet, an inherent quality of heightened awareness is that it is not susceptible to normal recall. What transpires in such a state becomes part of the apprentice's every- day awareness only through a staggering effort of re- covery. My interaction with the nagual's party was an ex- ample of this difficulty of recall. With the exception of don Genaro, I had contact with them only when I was in a state of heightened awareness; hence in my nor- mal everyday life I could not remember them, not even as vague characters in dreams. The manner in which I met with them every time was almost a ritual. I would drive to don Genaro's house in a small town in the southern part of Mexico. Don Juan would join us immediately and the three of us would then get busy with don Juan's teachings for the right side. After that, don Juan would make me change levels of aware- ness and then we would drive to a larger, nearby town where he and the other fifteen seers were living. Every time I entered into heightened awareness I could not cease marveling at the difference between my two sides. I always felt as if a veil had been lifted from my eyes, as if I had been partially blind before and now I could see. The freedom, the sheer joy that used to possess me on those occasions cannot be com- pared with anything else I have ever experienced. Yet at the same time, there was a frightening feeling of sadness and longing that went hand in hand with that freedom and joy. Don Juan had told me that there is no completeness without sadness and longing, for without them there is no sobriety, no kindness. Wis- dom without kindness, he said, and knowledge with- out sobriety are useless. The organization of his teachings for the left side also required that don Juan, together with some of his fellow seers, explain to me the three facets of their knowledge: the mastery of awareness, the mastery of stalking, and the mastery of intent. This work deals with the mastery of awareness, which is part of his total set of teachings for the left side; the set he used in order to prepare me for per- forming the astonishing act of jumping into an abyss. Due to the fact that the experiences I narrate here took place in heightened awareness, they cannot have the texture of daily life. They are lacking in worldly context, although I have tried my best to supply it without fictionalizing it. In heightened awareness one is minimally conscious of the surroundings, because one's total concentration is taken by the details of the action at hand. In this case the action at hand was, naturally, the elucidation of the mastery of awareness. Don Juan understood the mastery of awareness as being the modern-day version of an extremely old tradition, which he called the tradition of the ancient Toltec seers. Although he felt that he was inextricably linked to that old tradition, he considered himself to be one of the seers of a new cycle. When I asked him once what was the essential character of the seers of the new cycle, he said that they are the warriors of total free- dom, that they are such masters of awareness, stalk- ing, and intent that they are not caught by death, like the rest of mortal men, but choose the moment and the way of their departure from this world. At that moment they are consumed by a fire from within and vanish from the face of the earth, free, as if they had never existed. THE FIRE FROM WITHIN 1 The New Seers I had arrived in the city of Oaxaca in southern Mexico on my way to the mountains to look for don Juan. On my way out of town in the early morning, I had the good sense to drive by the main square, and there I found him sitting on his favorite bench, as if waiting for me to go by. I joined him. He told me that he was in the city on business, that he was staying at a local boardinghouse, and that I was welcome to stay with him because he had to remain in town for two more days. We talked for a while about my activities and problems in the academic world. As was customary with him, he suddenly hit me on my back when I least expected it, and the blow shifted me into a state of heightened awareness. We sat in silence for a very long time. I anxiously waited for him to begin talking, yet when he did, he caught me by surprise. "Ages before the Spaniards came to Mexico," he said, "there were extraordinary Toltec seers, men ca- pable of inconceivable deeds. They were the last link in a chain of knowledge that extended over thousands of years. "The Toltec seers were extraordinary men?pow- erful sorcerers, somber, driven men who unraveled mysteries and possessed secret knowledge that they used to influence and victimize people by fixating the awareness of their victims on whatever they chose." He stopped talking and looked at me intently. I felt that he was waiting for me to ask a question, but I did not know what to ask. "I have to emphasize an important fact," he contin- ued, "the fact that those sorcerers knew how to fixate the awareness of their victims. You didn't pick up on that. When I mentioned it, it didn't mean anything to you. That's not surprising. One of the hardest things to acknowledge is that awareness can be manipu- lated." I felt confused. I knew that he was leading me to- ward something. I felt a familiar apprehension?the same feeling I had whenever he began a new round of his teachings. I told him how I felt. He smiled vaguely. Usually when he smiled he exuded happiness; this time he was definitely preoccupied. He seemed to consider for a moment whether or not to go on talking. He stared at me intently again, slowly moving his gaze over the entire length of my body. Then, apparently satisfied, he nodded and said that I was ready for my final ex- ercise, something that all warriors go through before considering themselves fit to be on their own. I was more mystified than ever. "We are going to be talking about awareness," he continued. "The Toltec seers knew the art of handling awareness. As a matter of fact, they were the supreme masters of that art. When I say that they knew how to fixate the awareness of their victims, I mean that their secret knowledge and secret practices allowed them to pry open the mystery of being aware. Enough of their practices have survived to this day, but fortu- nately in a modified form. I say fortunately because those activities, as I will explain, did not lead the an- cient Toltec seers to freedom, but to their doom." "Do you know those practices yourself?" I asked. "Why, certainly," he replied. "There is no way for us not to know those techniques, but that doesn't mean that we practice them ourselves. We have other views. We belong to a new cycle." "But you don't consider yourself a sorcerer, don Juan, do you?" I asked. "No, I don't," he said. "I am a warrior who sees. In fact, all of us are los nuevos videntes?the new seers. The old seers were the sorcerers. "For the average man," he continued, "sorcery is a negative business, but it is fascinating all the same. That's why I encouraged you, in your normal aware- ness, to think of us as sorcerers. It's advisable to do so. It serves to attract interest. But for us to be sor- cerers would be like entering a dead-end street." I wanted to know what he meant by that, but he refused to talk about it. He said that he would elabo- rate on the subject as he proceeded with his explana- tion of awareness. I asked him then about the origin of the Toltecs' knowledge. "The way the Toltecs first started on the path of knowledge was by eating power plants," he replied. "Whether prompted by curiosity, or hunger, or error, they ate them. Once the power plants had produced their effects on them, it was only a matter of time before some of them began to analyze their experi- ences. In my opinion, the first men on the path of knowledge were very daring, but very mistaken." "Isn't all this a conjecture on your part, don Juan?" "No, this is no conjecture of mine. I am a seer, and when I focus my seeing on that time I know every- thing that took place." "Can you see the details of things of the past?" I asked. "Seeing is a peculiar feeling of knowing," he re- plied, "of knowing something without a shadow of doubt. In this case, I know what those men did, not only because of my seeing, but because we are so closely bound together." Don Juan explained then that his use of the term "Toltec" did not correspond to what I understood it to mean. To me it meant a culture, the Toltec Empire. To him, the term "Toltec" meant "man of knowl- edge." He said that in the time he was referring to, centu- ries or perhaps even millennia before the Spanish Con- quest, all such men of knowledge lived within a vast geographical area, north and south of the valley of Mexico, and were employed in specific lines of work: curing, bewitching, storytelling, dancing, being an or- acle, preparing food and drink. Those lines of work fostered specific wisdom, wisdom that distinguished them from average men. These Toltecs, moreover, were also people who fitted into the structure of every- day life, very much as doctors, artists, teachers, priests, and merchants in our own time do. They prac- ticed their professions under the strict control of or- ganized brotherhoods and became proficient and influential, to such an extent that they even dominated groups of people who lived outside the Toltecs' geo- graphical regions. Don Juan said that after some of these men had finally learned to see?after centuries of dealing with power plants?the most enterprising of them then began to teach other men of knowledge how to see. And that was the beginning of their end. As time passed, the number of seers increased, but their ob- session with what they saw, which filled them with reverence and fear, became so intense that they ceased to be men of knowledge. They became extraor- dinarily proficient in seeing and could exert great con- trol over the strange worlds they were witnessing. But it was to no avail. Seeing had undermined their strength and forced them to be obsessed with what they saw. "There were seers, however, who escaped that fate," don Juan continued, "great men who, in spite of their seeing, never ceased to be men of knowledge. Some of them endeavored to use seeing positively and to teach it to their fellow men. I'm convinced that under their direction, the populations of entire cities went into other worlds and never came back. "But the seers who could only see were fiascos, and when the land where they lived was invaded by a con- quering people they were as defenseless as everyone else. "Those conquerors," he went on, "took over the Toltec world?they appropriated everything?but they never learned to see."' "Why do you think they never learned to see?" I asked. "Because they copied the procedures of the Toltec seers without having the Toltecs' inner knowledge. To this day there are scores of sorcerers all over Mexico, descendants of those conquerors, who follow the Tol- tec ways but don't know what they're doing, or what they're talking about, because they're not seers." "Who were those conquerors, don Juan?" "Other Indians," he said. "When the Spaniards came, the old seers had been gone for centuries, but there was a new breed of seers who were starting to secure their place in a new cycle." "What do you mean. a new breed of seers?" "After the world of the first Toltecs was destroyed, the surviving seers retreated and began a serious ex- amination of their practices. The first thing they did was to establish stalking, dreaming, and intent as the key procedures and to deemphasize the use of power plants; perhaps that gives us a hint as to what really happened to them with power plants. "The new cycle was just beginning to take hold when the Spanish conquerors swept the land. Fortu- nately, by that time the new seers were thoroughly prepared to face that danger. They were already con- summate practitioners of the art of stalking." Don Juan said that the subsequent centuries of sub- jugation provided for these new seers the ideal circum- stances in which to perfect their skills. Oddly enough, it was the extreme rigor and coercion of that period that gave them the impetus to refine their new princi- ples. And, owing to the fact that they never divulged their activities, they were left alone to map their find- ings. "Were there a great many new seers during the Conquest?" I asked. "At the beginning there were. Near the end there were only a handful. The rest had been extermi- nated." "What about in our day, don Juan?" I asked. "There are a few. They are scattered all over, you understand." "Do you know them?" I asked. "Such a simple question is the hardest one to an- swer," he replied. "There are some we know very well. But they are not exactly like us because they have concentrated on other specific aspects of knowl- edge, such as dancing, curing, bewitching, talking, in- stead of what the new seers recommend, stalking, dreaming, and intent. Those who are exactly like us would not cross our path. The seers who lived during the Conquest set it up that way so as to avoid being exterminated in the confrontation with the Spaniards. Each of those seers founded a lineage. And not all of them had descendants, so the lines are few." "Do you know any who are exactly like us?" I asked. "A few," he replied laconically. I asked him then to give me all the information he could, for I was vitally interested in the topic; to me it was of crucial importance to know names and ad- dresses for purposes of validation and corroboration. Don Juan did not seem inclined to oblige me. "The new seers went through that bit of corroboration," he said. "Half of them left their bones in the corroborat- ing room. So now they are solitary birds. Let's leave it that way. All we can talk about is our line. About that, you and I can say as much as we please." He explained that all the lines of seers were started at the same time and in the same fashion. Around the end of the sixteenth century every nagual deliberately isolated himself and his group of seers from any overt contact with other seers. The consequence of that drastic segregation, he said, was the formation of the individual lineages. Our lineage consisted of fourteen naguals and one hundred and twenty-six seers, he said. Some of those fourteen naguals had as few as seven seers with them. others had eleven, and some up to fifteen. He told me that his teacher?or his benefactor, as he called him?was the nagual Julian, and the one who came before Julian was the nagual Ellas. I asked him if he knew the names of all fourteen naguals. He named and enumerated them for me, so I could learn who they were. He also said that he had personally known the fifteen seers who formed his benefactor's group and that he had also known his benefactor's teacher, the nagual Ellas, and the eleven seers of his party. Don Juan assured me that our line was quite excep- tional, because it underwent a drastic change in the year 1723 as a result of an outside influence that came to bear on us and inexorably altered our course. He did not want to discuss the event itself at the moment, but he said that a new beginning is counted from that time; and that the eight naguals who have ruled the line since then are considered intrinsically different from the six who preceded them. Don Juan must have had business to take care of the next day, for I did not see him until around noon. in the meantime, three of his apprentices had come to town, Pablito, Nestor, and la Gorda. They were shop- ping for tools and materials for Pablito's carpentry business. I accompanied them and helped them to complete all their errands. Then all of us went back to the boardinghouse. All four of us were sitting around talking when don Juan came into my room. He announced that we were leaving after lunch, but that before we went to eat he still had something to discuss with me, in private. He wanted the two of us to take a stroll around the main square and then all of us would meet at a restaurant. Pablito and Nestor stood up and said that they had some errands to run before meeting us. La Gorda seemed very displeased. "What are you going to talk about?" she blurted out, but quickly realized her mistake and giggled. Don Juan gave her a strange look but did not say anything. Encouraged by his silence, la Gorda proposed that we take her along. She assured us that she would not bother us in the least. "I'm sure you won't bother us," don Juan said to her, "but I really don't want you to hear anything of what I have to say to him." La Gorda's anger was very obvious. She blushed and, as don Juan and I walked out of the room, her entire face clouded with anxiety and tension, becom- ing instantly distorted. Her mouth was open and her lips were dry. La Gorda's mood made me very apprehensive. I felt an actual discomfort. I didn't say anything, but don Juan seemed to notice my feelings. "You should thank la Gorda day and night," he said all of a sudden. "She's helping you destroy your self- importance. She's the petty tyrant in your life, but you still haven't caught on to that." We strolled around the plaza until all my nervous- ness had vanished. Then we sat down on his favorite bench again. "The ancient seers were very fortunate indeed," don Juan began, "because they had plenty of time to learn marvelous things. Let me tell you, they knew wonders that we can't even imagine today." "Who taught them all that?" I asked. "They learned everything by themselves through seeing,"' he replied. "Most of the things we know in our lineage were figured out by (hem. The new seers corrected the mistakes of the old seers, but the basis of what we know and do is lost in Toltec time." He explained. One of the simplest and yet most im- portant findings, from the point of view of instruction, he said, is the knowledge that man has two types of awareness. The old seers called them the right and the left side of man. "The old seers figured out," he went on, "that the best way to teach their knowledge was to make their apprentices shift to their left side, to a state of heightened awareness. Real learning takes place there. "Very young children were given to the old seers as apprentices," don Juan continued, "so that they wouldn't know any other way of life. Those children, in turn, when they came of age took other children as apprentices. Imagine the things they must have uncov- ered in their shifts to the left and to the right, after centuries of that kind of concentration." I remarked how disconcerting those shifts were to me. He said that my experience was similar to his own. His benefactor, the nagual Julian, had created a profound schism in him, by making him shift back and forth from one type of awareness to the other. He said that the clarity and freedom he experienced in heightened awareness were in total contrast to the ra- tionalizations, the defenses, the anger, and the fear of his normal state of awareness. The old seers used to create this polarity to suit their own particular purposes; with it, they forced their ap- prentices to achieve the concentration needed to learn sorcery techniques. But the new seers, he said, use it to lead their apprentices to the conviction that there are unrealized possibilities in man. "The best effort of the new seers," don Juan contin- ued, "is their explanation of the mystery of aware- ness. They condensed it all into some concepts and actions which are taught while the apprentices are in heightened awareness." He said that the value of the new seers' method of teaching is that it takes advantage of the fact that no one can remember anything that happens while being in a state of heightened awareness. This inability to remember sets up an almost insurmountable barrier for warriors, who have to recollect all the instruction given to them if they are to go on. Only after years of struggle and discipline can warriors recollect their in- struction. By then the concepts and the procedures that were taught to them have been internalized and have thus acquired the force the new seers meant them to have. 2 Petty Tyrants Don Juan did not discuss the mastery of awareness with me until months later. We were at that time in the house where the nagual's party lived. "Let's go for a walk," don Juan said to me, placing his hand on my shoulder. "Or better yet, let's go to the town's square, where there are a lot of people, and sit down and talk." I was surprised when he spoke to me, as I had been in the house for a couple of days then and he had not said so much as hello. As don Juan and I were leaving the house, la Gorda intercepted us and demanded that we take her along. She seemed determined not to take no for an answer. Don Juan in a very stern voice told her that he had to discuss something in private with me. "You're going to talk about me," la Gorda said, her tone and gestures betraying both suspicion and annoy- ance. "You're right," don Juan replied dryly. He moved past her without turning to look at her. I followed him, and we walked in silence to the town's square. When we sat down I asked him what on earth we would find to discuss about la Gorda. I was still smarting from her look of menace when we left the house. "We have nothing to discuss about la Gorda or any- body else," he said. "I told her that just to provoke her enormous self-importance. And it worked. She is furious with us. If I know her, by now she will have talked to herself long enough to have built up her con- fidence and her righteous indignation at having been refused and made to look like a fool. I wouldn't be surprised if she barges in on us here, at the park bench." "If we're not going to talk about la Gorda, what are we going to discuss?" I asked. "We're going to continue the discussion we started in Oaxaca," he replied. "To understand the explana- tion of awareness will require your utmost effort and your willingness to shift back and forth between levels of awareness. While we are involved in our discussion I will demand your total concentration and patience." Half-complaining, I told him that he had made me feel very uncomfortable by refusing to talk to me for the past two days. He looked at me and arched his brows. A smile played on his lips and vanished. I re- alized that he was letting me know I was no better than la Gorda. "I was provoking your self-importance," he said with a frown. "Self-importance is our greatest enemy. Think about it?what weakens us is feeling offended by the deeds and misdeeds of our fellow men. Our self-importance requires that we spend most of our lives offended by someone. "The new seers recommended that every effort should be made to eradicate self-importance from the lives of warriors. I have followed that recommenda- tion, and much of my endeavors with you has been geared to show you that without self-importance we are invulnerable." As I listened his eyes suddenly became very shiny. I was thinking to myself that he seemed to be on the verge of laughter and there was no reason for it when I was startled by an abrupt, painful slap on the right side of my face. I jumped up from the bench. La Gorda was standing behind me, her hand still raised. Her face was flushed with anger. "Now you can say what you like about me and with more justification," she shouted. "If you have any- thing to say, however, say it to my face!" Her outburst appeared to have exhausted her, be- cause she sat down on the cement and began to weep. Don Juan was transfixed with inexpressible glee. I was frozen with sheer fury. La Gorda glared at me and then turned to don Juan and meekly told him that we had no right to criticize her. Don Juan laughed so hard he doubled over almost to the ground. He couldn't even speak. He tried two or three times to say something to me, then finally got up and walked away, his body still shaking with spasms of laughter. I was about to run after him, still glowering at la Gorda?at that moment I found her despicable ? when something extraordinary happened to me. I re- alized what don Juan had found so hilarious. La Gorda and I were horrendously alike. Our self-importance was monumental. My surprise and fury at being slapped were just like la Gorda's feelings of anger and suspicion. Don Juan was right. The burden of self- importance is a terrible encumbrance. I ran after him then, elated, the tears flowing down my cheeks. I caught up with him and told him what I had realized. His eyes were shining with mischievous- ness and delight. "What should I do about la Gorda?" I asked. "Nothing," he replied. "Realizations are always personal." He changed the subject and said that the omens were telling us to continue our discussion back at his house, either in a large room with comfortable chairs or in the back patio, which had a roofed corridor around it. He said that whenever he conducted his explanation inside the house those two areas would be off limits to everyone else. We went back to the house. Don Juan told everyone what la Gorda had done. The delight all the seers showed in taunting her made la Gorda's position ex- tremely uncomfortable. "Self-importance can't be fought with niceties," don Juan commented when I expressed my concern about la Gorda. He then asked everyone to leave the room. We sat down and don Juan began his explanations. He said that seers, old and new, are divided into two categories. The first one is made up of those who are willing to exercise self-restraint and can channel their activities toward pragmatic goals, which would benefit other seers and man in general. The other cat- egory consists of those who don't care about self-re- straint or about any pragmatic goals. It is the consensus among seers that the latter have failed to resolve the problem of self-importance. "Self-importance is not something simple and naive," he explained. "On the one hand, it is the core of everything that is good in us, and on the other hand, the core of everything that is rotten. To get rid of the self-importance that is rotten requires a masterpiece of strategy. Seers, through the ages, have given the highest praise to those who have accomplished it." I complained that the idea of eradicating self-impor- tance, although very appealing to me at times, was really incomprehensible; I told him that I found his directives for getting rid of it so vague I could not follow them. "I've said to you many times," he said, "that in order to follow the path of knowledge one has to be very imaginative. You see, in the path of knowledge nothing is as clear as we'd like it to be." My discomfort made me argue that his admonitions about self-importance reminded me of Catholic die- turns. After a lifetime of being told about the evils of sin, I had become callous. "Warriors fight self-importance as a matter of strat- egy, not principle," he replied. "Your mistake is to understand what I say in terms of morality." "I see you as a highly moral man, don Juan," I insisted. "You've noticed my impeccability, that's all," he said. "Impeccability, as well as getting rid of self-impor- tance, is too vague a concept to be of any value to me," I remarked. Don Juan choked with laughter, and I challenged him to explain impeccability. "Impeccability is nothing else but the proper use of energy," he said. "My statements have no inkling of morality. I've saved energy and that makes me impec- cable. To understand this, you have to save enough energy yourself." We were quiet for a long time. I wanted to think about what he had said. Suddenly, he started talking again. "Warriors take strategic inventories," he said. "They list everything they do. Then they decide which of those things can be changed in order to allow themselves a respite, in terms of expending their en- ergy." I argued that their list would have to include every- thing under the sun. He patiently answered that the strategic inventory he was talking about covered only behavioral patterns that were not essential to our sur- vival and well-being. I jumped at the opportunity to point out that sur- vival and well-being were categories that could be in- terpreted in endless ways, hence, there was no way of agreeing what was or was not essential to survival and well-being. As I kept on talking I began to lose momentum. Finally, I stopped because I realized the futility of my arguments. Don Juan said then that in the strategic inventories of warriors, self-importance figures as the activity that consumes the greatest amount of energy, hence, their effort to eradicate it. "One of the first concerns of warriors is to free that energy in order to face the unknown with it," don Juan went on. "The action of rechanneling that energy i? impeccability." He said that the most effective strategy was worked out by the seers of the Conquest, the unquestionable masters of stalking. It consists of six elements that interplay with one another. Five of them are called the attributes of warriorship: control, discipline, forbear- ance, timing, and will. They pertain to the world of the warrior who is fighting to lose self-importance. The sixth element, which is perhaps the most important of all, pertains to the outside world and is called the petty tyrant. He looked at me as if silently asking me whether or not I had understood. "I'm really mystified," I said. "You keep on saying that la Gorda is the petty tyrant of my life. Just what is a petty tyrant?" "A petty tyrant is a tormentor," he replied. "Some- one who either holds the power of life and death over warriors or simply annoys them to distraction." Don Juan had a beaming smile as he spoke to me. He said that the new seers developed their own clas- sification of petty tyrants; although the concept is one of their most serious and important findings, the new seers had a sense of humor about it. He assured me that there was a tinge of malicious humor in every one of their classifications, because humor was the only means of counteracting the compulsion of human awareness to take inventories and to make cumber- some classifications. The new seers, in accordance with their practice, saw fit to head their classification with the primal source of energy, the one and only ruler in the uni- verse, and they called it simply the tyrant. The rest of the despots and authoritarians were found to be, nat- urally, infinitely below the category of tyrant. Com- pared to the source of everything, the most fearsome, tyrannical men are buffoons; consequently, they were classified as petty tyrants, pinches tiranos. He said that there were two subclasses of minor petty tyrants. The first subclass consisted of the petty tyrants who persecute and inflict misery but without actually causing anybody's death. They were called little petty tyrants, pinches tiranitos. The second con- sisted of the petty tyrants who are only exasperating and bothersome to no end. They were called small-fry petty tyrants, repinches tiranitos, or teensy-weensy petty tyrants, pinches tiranitos chiquititos. I thought his classifications were ludicrous. I was sure that he was improvising the Spanish terms. I asked him if that was so. "Not at all," he replied with an amused expression. "The new seers were great ones for classifications. Genaro is doubtless one of the greatest; if you'd ob- serve him carefully, you'd realize exactly how the new seers feel about their classifications." He laughed uproariously at my confusion when I asked him if he was pulling my leg. "I wouldn't dream of doing that," he said, smiling. "Genaro may do that, but not I, especially when I know how you feel about classifications. It's just that the new seers were terribly irreverent." He added that the little petty tyrants are further divided into four categories. One that torments with brutality and violence. Another that does it by creat- ing unbearable apprehension through deviousness. Another which oppresses with sadness. And the last, which torments by making warriors rage. "La Gorda is in a class of her own," he added. "She is an acting, small-fry petty tyrant. She annoys you to pieces and makes you rage. She even slaps you. With all that she is teaching you detachment." "That's not possible!" I protested. "You haven't yet put together all the ingredients of the new seers' strategy," he said. "Once you do that, you'll know how efficient and clever is the device of using a petty tyrant. I would certainly say that the strategy not only gets rid of self-importance; it also prepares warriors for the final realization that impec- cability is the only thing that counts in the path of knowledge." He said that what the new seers had in mind was a deadly maneuver in which the petty tyrant is like a mountain peak and the attributes of warriorship are like climbers who meet at the summit. "Usually, only four attributes are played," he went on. "The fifth, will, is always saved for an ultimate confrontation, when warriors are facing the firing squad, so to speak." "Why is it done that way?" "Because wilt belongs to another sphere, the un- known. The other four belong to the known, exactly where the petty tyrants are lodged. In fact, what turns human beings into petty tyrants is precisely the obses- sive manipulation of the known." Don Juan explained that the interplay of all the five attributes of warriorship is done only by seers who are also impeccable warriors and have mastery over will. Such an interplay is a supreme maneuver that cannot be performed on the daily human stage. "Four attributes are all that is needed to deal with the worst of petty tyrants," he continued. "Provided, of course, that a petty tyrant has been found. As I said, the petty tyrant is the outside element, the one we cannot control and the element that is perhaps the most important of them all. My benefactor used to say that the warrior who stumbles on a petty tyrant is a lucky one. He meant that you're fortunate if you come upon one in your path, because if you don't, you have to go out and look for one." He explained that one of the greatest accomplish- ments of the seers of the Conquest was a construct he called the three-phase progression. By understanding the nature of man, they were able to reach the incon- testable conclusion that if seers can hold their own in facing petty tyrants, they can certainly face the un- known with impunity, and then they can even stand the presence of the unknowable. "The average man's reaction is to think that the order of that statement should be reversed," he went on. "A seer who can hold his own in the face of the unknown can certainly face petty tyrants. But that's not so. What destroyed the superb seers of ancient times was that assumption. We know better now. We know that nothing can temper the spirit of a warrior as much as the challenge of dealing with impossible people in positions of power. Only under those condi- tions can warriors acquire the sobriety and serenity to stand the pressure of the unknowable." I vociferously disagreed with him. I told him that in my opinion tyrants can only render their victims help- less or make them as brutal as they themselves are. I pointed out that countless studies had been done on the effects of physical and psychological torture on such victims. "The difference is in something you just said," he retorted. "They are victims, not warriors. Once I felt just as you do. I'll tell you what made me change, but first let's go back again to what I said about the Con- quest. The seers of that time couldn't have found a better ground. The Spaniards were the petty tyrants who tested the seers' skills to the limit; after dealing with the conquerors, the seers were capable of facing anything. They were the lucky ones. At that time there were petty tyrants everywhere. "After all those marvelous years of abundance things changed a great deal. Petty tyrants never again had that scope; it was only during those times that their authority was unlimited. The perfect ingredient for the making of a superb seer is a petty tyrant with unlimited prerogatives. "In our times, unfortunately, seers have to go to extremes to find a worthy one. Most of the time they have to be satisfied with very small fry." "Did you find a petty tyrant yourself, don Juan?" "I was lucky. A king-size one found me. At the time, though, I felt like you; I couldn't consider myself fortunate." Don Juan said that his ordeal began a few weeks before he met his benefactor. He was barely twenty years old at the time. He had gotten a job at a sugar mill working as a laborer. He had always been very strong, so it was easy for him to get jobs that required muscle. One day when he was moving some heavy sacks of sugar a woman came by. She was very well dressed and seemed to be a woman of means. She was perhaps in her fifties, don Juan said, and very domi- neering. She looked at don Juan and then spoke to the foreman and left. Don Juan was then approached by the foreman, who told him that for a fee he would recommend him for a job in the boss's house. Don Juan told the man that he had no money. The foreman smiled and said not to worry because he would have plenty on payday. He patted don Juan's back and as- sured him it was a great honor to work for the boss. Don Juan said that being a lowly ignorant Indian living hand-to-mouth, not only did he believe every word, he thought a good fairy had touched him. He promised to pay the foreman anything he wished. The foreman named a large sum, which had to be paid in installments. Immediately thereafter the foreman himself took don Juan to the house, which was quite a distance from the town, and left him there with another fore- man, a huge, somber, ugly man who asked a lot of questions. He wanted to know about don Juan's fam- ily. Don Juan answered that he didn't have any. The man was so pleased that he even smiled through his rotten teeth. He promised don Juan that they would pay him plenty, and that he would even be in a position to save money, because he didn't have to spend any, for he was going to live and eat in the house. The way the man laughed was terrifying. Don Juan knew that he had to escape immediately. He ran for the gate, but the man cut in front of him with a re- volver in his hand. He cocked it and rammed it into don Juan's stomach. "You're here to work yourself to the bone," he said. "And don't you forget it." He shoved don Juan around with a billy club. Then he took him to the side of the house and, after observing that he worked his men every day from sunrise to sunset without a break, he put don Juan to work dig- ging out two enormous tree stumps. He also told don Juan that if he ever tried to escape or went to the authorities he would shoot him dead?and that if don Juan should ever get away, he would swear in court that don Juan had tried to murder the boss. "You'll work here until you die," he said. "Another Indian will get your job then, just as you're taking a dead Indian's place." Don Juan said that the house looked like a fortress, with armed men with machetes everywhere. So he got busy working and tried not to think about his predica- ment. At the end of the day, the man came back and kicked him all the way to the kitchen, because he did not like the defiant look in don Juan's eyes. He threat- ened to cut the tendons of don Juan's arms if he didn't obey him. In the kitchen an old woman brought food, but don Juan was so upset and afraid that he couldn't eat. The old woman advised him to eat as much as he could. He had to be strong, she said, because his work would never end. She warned him that the man who had held his job had died just a day earlier. He was too weak to work and had fallen from a second-story window. Don Juan said that he worked at the boss's place for three weeks and that the man bullied him every mo- ment of every day. He made him work under the most dangerous conditions, doing the heaviest work imag- inable, under the constant threat of his knife, gun, or billy club. He sent him daily to the stables to clean the stalls while the nervous stallions were in them. At the beginning of every day don Juan thought it would be his last one on earth. And surviving meant only that he had to go through the same hell again the next day. What precipitated the end was don Juan's request to have some time off. The pretext was that he needed to go to town to pay the foreman of the sugar mill the money that he owed him. The other foreman retorted that don Juan could not stop working, not even for a minute, because he was in debt up to his ears just for the privilege of working there. Don Juan knew that he was done for. He understood the man's maneuvers. Both he and the other foreman were in cahoots to get lowly Indians from the mill, work them to death, and divide their salaries. That realization angered him so intensely that he ran through the kitchen screaming and got inside the main house. The foreman and the other workers were caught totally by surprise. He ran out the front door and almost got away, but the foreman caught up with him on the road and shot him in the chest. He left him for dead. Don Juan said that it was not his destiny to die; his benefactor found him there and tended him until he got well. "When I told my benefactor the whole story," don Juan said, "he could hardly contain his excitement. That foreman is really a prize, ' my benefactor said. 'He is too good to be wasted. Someday you must go back to that house. ' "He raved about my luck in finding a one-in-a-mil- lion petty tyrant with almost unlimited power. I thought the old man was nuts. It was years before I fully understood what he was talking about." "That is one of the most horrible stories I have ever heard," I said. "Did you really go back to that house?" "I certainly did, three years later. My benefactor was right. A petty tyrant like that one was one in a million and couldn't be wasted." "How did you manage to go back?" "My benefactor developed a strategy using the four attributes of warriorship: control, discipline, forbear- ance, and timing." Don Juan said that his benefactor, in explaining to him what he had to do to profit from facing that ogre of a man, also told him what the new seers considered to be the four steps on the path of knowledge. The first step is the decision to become apprentices. After the apprentices change their views about themselves and the world they take the second step and become war- riors, which is to say, beings capable of the utmost discipline and control over themselves. The third step, after acquiring forbearance and timing, is to become men of knowledge. When men of knowledge learn to see they have taken the fourth step and have become seers. His benefactor stressed the fact that don Juan had been on the path of knowledge long enough to have acquired a minimum of the first two attributes: control and discipline. Don Juan emphasized that both of these attributes refer to an inner state. A warrior is self-oriented, not in a selfish way, but in the sense of a total and continuous examination of the self. "At that time, I was barred from the other two at- tributes," don Juan went on. "Forbearance and tim- ing are not quite an inner state. They are in the domain of the man of knowledge. My benefactor showed them to me through his strategy." "Does this mean that you couldn't have faced the petty tyrant by yourself?" I asked. "I'm sure that I could have done it myself, although I have always doubted that I would have carried it off with flair and joyfulness. My benefactor was simply enjoying the encounter by directing it. The idea of using a petty tyrant is not only for perfecting the war- rior's spirit, but also for enjoyment and happiness." "How could anyone enjoy the monster you de- scribed?" "He was nothing in comparison to the real monsters that the new seers faced during the Conquest. By all indications those seers enjoyed themselves blue deal- ing with them. They proved that even the worst ty- rants can bring delight, provided, of course, that one is a warrior." Don Juan explained that the mistake average men make in confronting petty tyrants is not to have a strategy to fall back on; the fatal flaw is that average men take themselves too seriously; their actions and feelings, as well as those of the petty tyrants, are all- important. Warriors, on the other hand, not only have a well-thought-out strategy, but are free from self-im- portance. What restrains their self-importance is that they have understood that reality is an interpretation we make. That knowledge was the definitive advan- tage that the new seers had over the simple-minded Spaniards. He said that he became convinced he could defeat the foreman using only the single realization that petty tyrants take themselves with deadly seriousness while warriors do not. Following his benefactor's strategic plan, therefore, don Juan got a job in the same sugar mill as before. Nobody remembered that he had worked there in the past; peons came to that sugar mill and left it without leaving a trace. His benefactor's strategy specified that don Juan had to be solicitous of whoever came to look for an- other victim. As it happened, the same woman came and spotted him, as she had done years ago. This time he was physically even stronger than before. The same routine took place. The strategy, how- ever, called for refusing payment to the foreman from the outset. The man had never been turned down and was taken aback. He threatened to fire don Juan from the job. Don Juan threatened him back, saying that he would go directly to the lady's house and see her. Don Juan knew that the woman, who was the wife of the owner of the mill, did not know what the two foremen were up to. He told the foreman that he knew where she lived, because he had worked in the surrounding fields cutting sugar cane. The man began to haggle, and don Juan demanded money from him before he would accept going to the lady's house. The foreman gave in and handed him a few bills. Don Juan was perfectly aware that the foreman's acquiescence was just a ruse to get him to go to the house. "He himself once again took me to the house," don Juan said. "It was an old hacienda owned by the peo- ple of the sugar mill?rich men who either knew what was going on and didn't care, or were too indifferent even to notice. "As soon as we got there, I ran into the house to look for the lady. I found her and dropped to my knees and kissed her hand to thank her. The two foremen were livid. "The foreman at the house followed the same pat- tern as before. But I had the proper equipment to deal with him; I had control, discipline, forbearance, and timing. It turned out as my benefactor had planned it. My control made me fulfill the man's most asinine demands. What usually exhausts us in a situation like that is the wear and tear on our self-importance. Any man who has an iota of pride is ripped apart by being made to feel worthless. "I gladly did everything he asked of me. I was joyful and strong. And I didn't give a fig about my pride or my fear. I was there as an impeccable warrior. To tune the spirit when someone is trampling on you is called control." Don Juan explained that his benefactor's strategy required that instead of feeling sorry for himself as he had done before, he immediately go to work mapping the man's strong points, his weaknesses, his quirks of behavior. He found that the foreman's strongest points were his violent nature and his daring. He had shot don Juan in broad daylight and in sight of scores of onlook- ers. His great weakness was that he liked his job and did not want to endanger it. Under no circumstances could he attempt to kill don Juan inside the compound in the daytime. His other weakness was that he was a family man. He had a wife and children who lived in a shack near the house. "To gather all this information while they are beat ing you up is called discipline," don Juan said. "The man was a regular fiend. He had no saving grace. Ac cording to the new seers, a perfect petty tyrant has no redeeming feature." Don Juan said that the other two attributes of war- riorship, forbearance and timing, which he did not yet have, had been automatically included in his benefac- tor's strategy. Forbearance is to wait patiently?no rush, no anxiety?a simple, joyful holding back of what is due. "I groveled daily," don Juan continued, "some- times crying under the man's whip. And yet I was happy. My benefactor's strategy was what made me go from day to day without hating the man's guts. I was a warrior. I knew that I was waiting and I knew what I was waiting for. Right there is the great joy of warriorship." He added that his benefactor's strategy called for a systematic harassment of the man by taking cover with a higher order, just as the seers of the new cycle had done during the Conquest by shielding themselves with the Catholic church. A lowly priest was some- times more powerful than a nobleman. Don Juan's shield was the lady who got him the job. He kneeled in front of her and called her a saint every time he saw her. He begged her to give him the me- dallion of her patron saint so he could pray to him for her health and well-being. "She gave me one," don Juan went on, "and that rattled the foreman to pieces. And when I got the ser- vants to pray at night he nearly had a heart attack. I think he decided then to kill me. He couldn't afford to let me go on. "As a countermeasure I organized a rosary among all the servants of the house. The lady thought I had the makings of a most pious man. "I didn't sleep soundly after that, nor did I sleep in my bed. I climbed to the roof every night. From there I saw the man twice looking for me in the middle of the night with murder in his eyes. "Daily he shoved me into the stallions' stalls hoping that I would be crushed to death, but I had a plank of heavy boards that I braced against one of the corners and protected myself behind it. The man never knew because he was nauseated by the horses?another of his weaknesses, the deadliest of all, as things turned out." Don Juan said that timing is the quality that governs the release of all that is held back. Control, discipline, and forbearance are like a dam behind which every- thing is pooled. Timing is the gate in the dam. The man knew only violence, with which he terror- ized. If his violence was neutralized he was rendered nearly helpless. Don Juan knew that the man would not dare to kill him in view of the house, so one day, in the presence of the other workers but in sight of his lady as well, don Juan insulted the man. He called him a coward, who was mortally afraid of the boss's wife. His benefactor's strategy had called for being on the alert for a moment like that and using it to turn the tables on the petty tyrant. Unexpected things always happen that way. The lowest of the slaves suddenly makes fun of the tyrant, taunts him, makes him feel ridiculous in front of significant witnesses, and then rushes away without giving the tyrant time to retaliate. "A moment later, the man went crazy with rage, but I was already solicitously kneeling in front of the lady," he continued. Don Juan said that when the lady went inside the house, the man and his friends called him to the back, allegedly to do some work. The man was very pale, white with anger. From the sound of his voice don Juan knew what the man was really planning to do. Don Juan pretended to acquiesce, but instead of head- ing for the back, he ran for the stables. He trusted that the horses would make such a racket the owners would come out to see what was wrong. He knew that the man would not dare shoot him. That would have been too noisy and the man's fear of endangering his job was too overpowering. Don Juan also knew that the man would not go where the horses were?that is, unless he had been pushed beyond his endurance. "I jumped inside the stall of the wildest stallion," don Juan said, "and the petty tyrant, blinded by rage, took out his knife and jumped in after me. I went instantly behind my planks. The horse kicked him once and it was all over. "I had spent six months in that house and in that period of time I had exercised the four attributes of warriorship. Thanks to them, I had succeeded. Not once had I felt sorry for myself or wept in impotence. I had been joyful and serene. My control and disci- pline were as keen as they'd ever been, and I had had a firsthand view of what forbearance and timing did for impeccable warriors. And I had not once wished the man to die. "My benefactor explained something very interest- ing. Forbearance means holding back with the spirit something that the warrior knows is rightfully due. It doesn't mean that a warrior goes around plotting to do anybody mischief, or planning to settle past scores. Forbearance is something independent. As long as the warrior has control, discipline, and timing, forbear- ance assures giving whatever is due to whoever de- serves it." "Do petty tyrants sometimes win, and destroy the warrior facing them?" I asked. "Of course. There was a time when warriors died like flies at the beginning of the Conquest. Their ranks were decimated. The petty tyrants could put anyone to death, simply acting on a whim. Under that kind of pressure seers reached sublime states." Don Juan said that that was the time when the sur- viving seers had to exert themselves to the limit to find new ways. "The new seers used petty tyrants," don Juan said, staring at me fixedly, "not only to get rid of their self- importance, but to accomplish the very sophisticated maneuver of moving themselves out of this world. You'll understand that maneuver as we keep on dis- cussing the mastery of awareness." I explained to don Juan that what I had wanted to know was whether, in the present, in our times, the petty tyrants he had called small fry could ever defeat a warrior. "All the time," he replied. "The consequences aren't as dire as those in the remote past. Today it goes without saying that warriors always have a chance to recuperate or to retrieve and come back later. But there is another side to this problem. To be defeated by a small-fry petty tyrant is not deadly, but devastating. The degree of mortality, in a figurative sense, is almost as high. By that I mean that warriors who succumb to a small-fry petty tyrant are obliter- ated by their own sense of failure and unworthiness. That spells high mortality to me." "How do you measure defeat?" "Anyone who joins the petty tyrant is defeated. To act in anger, without control and discipline, to have no forbearance, is to be defeated." "What happens after warriors are defeated?" "They either regroup themselves or they abandon the quest for knowledge and join the ranks of the petty tyrants for life." 3 The Eagle's Emanations The next day, don Juan and I went for a walk along the road to the city of Oaxaca. The road was deserted at that hour. It was 2: 00 p. m. As we strolled leisurely, don Juan suddenly began to talk. He said that our discussion about the petty tyrants had been merely an introduction to the topic of awareness. I remarked that it had opened a new view for me. He asked me to explain what I meant. I told him that it had to do with an argument we had had some years before about the Yaqui Indians. In the course of his teachings for the right side, he had tried to tell me about the advantages that the Yaquis could find in being oppressed. I had passionately argued that there were no possible advantages in the wretched conditions in which they lived. And I had told him that I could not understand how, being a Yaqui himself, he did not react against such a flagrant injustice. He had listened attentively. Then, when I was sure he was going to defend his point, he agreed that the conditions of the Yaqui Indians were indeed wretched. But he pointed out that it was useless to single out the Yaquis when life conditions of man in general were horrendous. "Don't just feel sorry for the poor Yaqui Indians," he had said. "Feel sorry for mankind. In the case of the Yaqui Indians, I can even say they're the lucky ones. They are oppressed, and because of that, some of them may come out triumphant in the end. But the oppressors, the petty tyrants that tread upon them, they don't have a chance in hell." I had immediately answered him with a barrage of political slogans. I had not understood his point at all. He again tried to explain to me the concept of petty tyrants, but the whole idea bypassed me. It was only now that everything fit into place. "Nothing has fit into place yet," he said, laughing at what I had told him. "Tomorrow, when you are in your normal state of awareness, you won't even re- member what you've realized now." I felt utterly depressed, for I knew he was right. "What's going to happen to you is what happened to me," he continued. "My benefactor, the nagual Julian, made me realize in heightened awareness what you have realized yourself about petty tyrants. And I ended up, in my daily life, changing my opinions with- out knowing why. "I had always been oppressed, so I had real venom toward my oppressors, imagine my surprise when I found myself seeking the company of petty tyrants. I thought I had lost my mind." We came to a place, on the side of the road, where some large boulders were half buried by an old land- slide; don Juan headed for them and sat down on a flat rock. He signaled me to sit down, facing him. And then without further preliminaries, he started his ex- planation of the mastery of awareness. He said that there were a series of truths that seers, old and new, had discovered about awareness, and that such truths had been arranged in a specific se- quence for purposes of comprehension. He explained that the mastery of awareness con- sisted in internalizing the total sequence of such truths. The first truth, he said, was that our familiarity with the world we perceive compels us to believe that we are surrounded by objects, existing by themselves and as themselves, just as we perceive them, whereas, in fact, there is no world of objects, but a universe of the Eagle's emanations. He told me then that before he could explain the Eagle's emanations, he had to talk about the known, the unknown, and the unknowable. Most of the truths about awareness were discovered by the old seers, he said. But the order in which they were arranged had been worked out by the new seers. And without that order those truths were nearly incomprehensible. He said that not to seek order was one of the great mistakes that the ancient seers made. A deadly con- sequence of that mistake was their assumption that the unknown and the unknowable are the same thing. It was up to the new seers to correct that error. They set up boundaries and defined the unknown as some- thing that is veiled from man, shrouded perhaps by a terrifying context, but which, nonetheless, is within man's reach. The unknown becomes the known at a given time. The unknowable, on the other hand, is the indescribable, the unthinkable, the unrealizable. It is something that will never be known to us, and yet it is there, dazzling and at the same time horrifying in its vastness. "How can seers make the distinction between the two?" I asked. "There is a simple rule of thumb," he said. "In the face of the unknown, man is adventurous. It is a qual- ity of the unknown to give us a sense of hope and happiness. Man feels robust, exhilarated. Even the apprehension that it arouses is very fulfilling. The new seers saw that man is at his best in the face of the unknown." He said that whenever what is taken to be the un- known turns out to be the unknowable the results are disastrous. Seers feel drained, confused. A terrible oppression takes possession of them. Their bodies lose tone, their reasoning and sobriety wander away aimlessly, for the unknowable has no energizing ef- fects whatsoever. It is not within human reach; there- fore, it should not be intruded upon foolishly or even prudently. The new seers realized that they had to be prepared to pay exorbitant prices for the faintest con- tact with it. Don Juan explained that the new seers had had for- midable barriers of tradition to overcome. At the time when the new cycle began, none of them knew for certain which procedures of their immense tradition were the right ones and which were not. Obviously, something had gone wrong with the ancient seers, but the new seers did not know what. They began by as- suming that everything their predecessors had done was erroneous. Those ancient seers had been the mas- ters of conjecture. They had, for one thing, assumed that their proficiency in seeing was a safeguard. They thought that they were untouchable?that is, until the invaders smashed them, and put most of them to hor- rendous deaths. The ancient seers had no protection whatsoever, despite their total certainty that they were invulnerable. The new seers did not waste their time in specula- tions about what went wrong. Instead, they began to map the unknown in order to separate it from the un- knowable. "How did they map the unknown, don Juan?" I asked. "Through the controlled use of seeing," he replied. I said that what I had meant to ask was, what was entailed in mapping the unknown? He answered that mapping the unknown means making it available to our perception. By steadily practicing seeing, the new seers found that the un- known and the known are really on the same footing, because both are within the reach of human percep- tion. Seers, in fact, can leave the known at a given moment and enter into the unknown. Whatever is beyond our capacity to perceive is the unknowable. And the distinction between it and the knowable is crucial. Confusing the two would put seers in a most precarious position whenever they are confronted with the unknowable. "When this happened to the ancient seers," don Juan went on, "they thought their procedures had gone haywire. It never occurred to them that most of what's out there is beyond our comprehension. It was a terrifying error of judgment on their part, for which they paid dearly." "What happened after the distinction between the unknown and the unknowable was realized?" I asked. "The new cycle began," he replied. "That distinc- tion is the frontier between the old and the new. Everything that the new seers have done stems from understanding that distinction." Don Juan said that seeing was the crucial element in both the destruction of the ancient seers' world and in the reconstruction of the new view. It was through seeing that the new seers discovered certain undeni- able facts, which they used to arrive at certain conclu- sions, revolutionary to them, about the nature of man and the world. These conclusions, which made the new cycle possible, were the truths about awareness he was explaining to me. Don Juan asked me to accompany him to the center of town for a stroll around the square. On our way, we began to talk about machines and delicate instru- ments. He said that instruments are extensions of our senses, and I maintained that there are instruments that are not in that category, because they perform functions that we are not physiologically capable of performing. "Our senses are capable of everything," he as- serted. "I can tell you offhand that there are instruments that can detect radio waves that come from outer space," I said. "Our senses cannot detect radio waves." "I have a different idea," he said. "I think our senses can detect everything we are surrounded by." "What about the case of ultrasonic sounds?" I in- sisted. "We don't have the organic equipment to hear them." "It is the seers' conviction that we've tapped a very small portion of ourselves," he replied. He immersed himself in thought for a while as if he were trying to decide what to say next. Then he smiled. "The first truth about awareness, as I have already told you," he began, "is that the world out there is not really as we think it is. We think it is a world of objects and it's not." He paused as if to measure the effect of his words. I told him that I agreed with his premise, because everything could be reduced to being a field of energy. He said that I was merely intuiting a truth, and that to reason it out was not to verify it. He was not inter- ested in my agreement or disagreement, he said, but in my attempt to comprehend what was involved in that truth. "You cannot witness fields of energy," he went on. "Not as an average man, that is. Now, if you were able to see them, you would be a seer, in which case you would be explaining the truths about awareness. Do you understand what I mean?" He went on to say that conclusions arrived at through reasoning had very little or no influence in altering the course of our lives. Hence, the countless examples of people who have the clearest convictions and yet act diametrically against them time and time again; and have as the only explanation for their be- havior the idea that to err is human. "The first truth is that the world is as it looks and yet it isn't," he went on. "It's not as solid and real as our perception has been led to believe, but it isn't a mirage either. The world is not an illusion, as it has been said to be; it's real on the one hand, and unreal on the other. Pay close attention to this, for it must be understood, not just accepted. We perceive. This is a hard fact. But what we perceive is not a fact of the same kind, because we learn what to perceive. "Something out there is affecting our senses. This is the part that is real. The unreal part is what our senses tell us is there. Take a mountain, for instance. Our senses tell us that it is an object. It has size, color, form. We even have categories of mountains, and they are downright accurate. Nothing wrong with that; the flaw is simply that it has never occurred to us that our senses play only a superficial role. Our senses per- ceive the way they do because a specific feature of our awareness forces them to do so." I began to agree with him again, but not because I wanted to, for I had not quite understood his point. Rather, I was reacting to a threatening situation. He made me stop. "I've used the term 'the world, ' " don Juan went on, "to mean everything that surrounds us. I have a better term, of course, but it would be quite incompre- hensible to you. Seers say that we think there is a world of objects out there only because of our aware- ness. But what's really out there are the Eagle's ema- nations, fluid, forever in motion, and yet unchanged, eternal." He stopped me with a gesture of his hand just as I was about to ask him what the Eagle's emanations were. He explained that one of the most dramatic legacies the old seers had left us was their discovery that the reason for the existence of all sentient beings is to enhance awareness. Don Juan called it a colossal discovery. In a half-serious tone he asked me if I knew of a better answer to the question that has always haunted man: the reason for our existence. I immediately took a defensive position and began to argue about the meaninglessness of the question because it cannot be logically answered. I told him that in order to discuss that subject we would have to talk about religious be- liefs and turn it all into a matter of faith. "The old seers were not just talking about faith," he said. "They were not as practical as the new seers, but they were practical enough to know what they were seeing. What I was trying to point out to you with that question, which has rattled you so badly, is that our rationality alone cannot come up with an an- swer about the reason for our existence. Every time it tries, the answer turns into a matter of beliefs. The old seers took another road, and they did find an answer which doesn't involve faith alone." He said that the old seers, risking untold dangers, actually saw the indescribable force which is the source of all sentient beings. They called it the Eagle, because in the few glimpses that they could sustain, they saw it as something that resembled a black-and- white eagle of infinite size. They saw that it is the Eagle who bestows aware- ness. The Eagle creates sentient beings so that they will live and enrich the awareness it gives them with life. They also saw that it is the Eagle who devours that same enriched awareness after making sentient beings relinquish it at the moment of death. "For the old seers," don Juan went on, "to say that the reason for existence is to enhance awareness is not a matter of faith or deduction. They saw it. "They saw that the awareness of sentient beings flies away at the moment of death and floats like a luminous cotton puff right into the Eagle's beak to be consumed. For the old seers that was the evidence that sentient beings live only to enrich the awareness that is the Eagle's food." Don Juan's elucidation was interrupted because he had to leave on a short business trip. Nestor drove him to Oaxaca. As I saw them off, I remembered that at the beginning of my association with don Juan, every time he mentioned a business trip I thought he was employing a euphemism for something else. I eventually realized that he meant what he said. When- ever such a trip was about to take place, he would put on one of his many immaculately tailored three-piece suits and would look like anything but the old Indian I knew. I had commented to him about the sophistica- tion of his metamorphosis. "A nagual is someone flexible enough to be any- thing," he had said. "To be a nagual, among other things, means to have no points to defend. Remember this?we'll come back to it over and over." We had come back to it over and over, in every possible way; he did indeed seem to have no points to defend, but during his absence in Oaxaca I was given to just a shadow of doubt. Suddenly I realized that a nagual did have one point to defend?the description of the Eagle and what it does required, in my opinion, a passionate defense. I tried to pose that question to some of don Juan's companions, but they eluded my probings. They told me that I was in quarantine from that kind of discus- sion until don Juan had finished his explanation. The moment he returned, we sat down to talk and I asked him about it. "Those truths are not something to defend passion- ately," he replied. "If you think that I'm trying to defend them, you are mistaken. Those truths were put together for the delight and enlightenment of warriors, not to engage any proprietary sentiments. When I told you that a nagual has no points to defend, I meant, among other things, that a nagual has no obsessions." I told him that I was not following his teachings, for I had become obsessed with his description of the Eagle and what it does. I remarked over and over about the awesomeness of such an idea. "It is not just an idea," he said. "It is a fact. And a damn scary one if you ask me. The new seers were not simply playing with ideas." "But what kind of a force would the Eagle be?" "I wouldn't know how to answer that. The Eagle is as real for the seers as gravity and time are for you, and just as abstract and incomprehensible." "Wait a minute, don Juan. Those are abstract con- cepts, but they do refer to real phenomena that can be corroborated. There are whole disciplines dedicated to that." "The Eagle and its emanations are equally corrob- oratable," don Juan retorted. "And the discipline of the new seers is dedicated to doing just that." I asked him to explain what the Eagle's emanations are. He said that the Eagle's emanations are an immut- able thing-in-itself, which engulfs everything that ex- ists, the knowable and the unknowable. "There is no way to describe in words what the Eagle's emanations really are," don Juan continued. "A seer must witness them." "Have you witnessed them yourself, don Juan?" "Of course I have, and yet I can't tell you what they are. They are a presence, almost a mass of sorts, a pressure that creates a dazzling sensation. One can catch only a glimpse of them, as one can catch only a glimpse of the Eagle itself." "Would you say, don Juan, that the Eagle is the source of the emanations?" "It goes without saying that the Eagle is the source of its emanations." "I meant to ask if that is so visually." "There is nothing visual about the Eagle. The entire body of a seer senses the Eagle. There is something in all of us that can make us witness with our entire body. Seers explain the act of seeing the Eagle in very simple terms: because man is composed of the Eagle's emanations, man need only revert back to his compo- nents. The problem arises with man's awareness; it is his awareness that becomes entangled and confused. At the crucial moment when it should be a simple case of the emanations acknowledging themselves, man's awareness is compelled to interpret. The result is a vision of the Eagle and the Eagle's emanations. But there is no Eagle and no Eagle's emanations. What is out there is something that no living creature can grasp." I asked him if the source of the emanations was called the Eagle because eagles in general have impor- tant attributes. "This is simply the case of something unknowable vaguely resembling something known," he replied. "On account of that, there have certainly been at- tempts to imbue eagles with attributes they don't have. But that always happens when impressionable people learn to perform acts that require great sobri- ety. Seers come in all sizes and shapes." "Do you mean to say that there are different kinds of seers?" "No. I mean that there are scores of imbeciles who become seers. Seers are human beings full of foibles, or rather, human beings full of foibles are capable of becoming seers. Just as in the case of miserable people who become superb scientists. "The characteristic of miserable seers is that they are willing to forget the wonder of the world. They become overwhelmed by the fact that they see and believe that it's their genius that counts. A seer must be a paragon in order to override the nearly invincible laxness of our human condition. More important than seeing itself is what seers do with what they see." "What do you mean by that, don Juan?" "Look at what some seers have done to us. We are stuck with their vision of an Eagle that rules us and devours us at the moment of our death." He said that there is a definite laxness in that ver- sion, and that personally he did not appreciate the idea of something devouring us. For him, it would be more accurate to say that there is a force that attracts our consciousness, much as a magnet attracts iron shav- ings. At the moment of dying, all of our being disinte- grates under the attraction of that immense force. That such an event was interpreted as the Eagle devouring us he found grotesque, because it turns an indescribable act into something as mundane as eat- ing. "I'm a very average man," I said. "The description of an Eagle that devours us had a great impact on me." "The real impact can't be measured until the mo- ment when you see it yourself," he said. "But you must bear in mind that our flaws remain with us even after we become seers. So when you see that force, you may very well agree with the lax seers who called it the Eagle, as I did myself. On the other hand, you may not. You may resist the temptation to ascribe human attributes to what is incomprehensible, and ac- tually improvise a new name for it, a more accurate one." "Seers who see the Eagle's emanations often call them commands," don Juan said. "I wouldn't mind calling them commands myself if I hadn't got used to calling them emanations. It was a reaction to my ben- efactor's preference; for him they were commands. I thought that term was more in keeping with his force- ful personality than with mine. I wanted something impersonal. 'Commands' sounds too human to me, but that's what they really are, commands." Don Juan said that to see the Eagle's emanations is to court disaster. The new seers soon discovered the tremendous difficulties involved, and only after great tribulations in trying to map the unknown and separate it from the unknowable did they realize that every- thing is made out of the Eagle's emanations. Only a small portion of those emanations is within reach of human awareness, and that small portion is still fur- ther reduced, to a minute fraction, by the constraints of our daily lives. That minute fraction of the Eagle's emanations is the known; the small portion within pos- sible reach of human awareness is the unknown, and the incalculable rest is the unknowable. He went on to say that the new seers, being prag- matically oriented, became immediately cognizant of the compelling power of the emanations. They real- ized that all living creatures are forced to employ the Eagle's emanations without ever knowing what they are. They also realized that organisms are constructed to grasp a certain range of those emanations and that every species has a definite range. The emanations exert great pressure on organisms, and through that pressure organisms construct their perceivable world. "In our case, as human beings," don Juan said, "we employ those emanations and interpret them as real- ity. But what man senses is such a small portion of the Eagle's emanations that it's ridiculous to put much stock in our perceptions, and yet it isn't possible for us to disregard our perceptions. The new seers found this out the hard way?after courting tremendous dan- gers." Don Juan was sitting where he usually sat in the large room. Ordinarily there was no furniture in that room?people sat on mats on the floor?but Carol, the nagual woman, had managed to furnish it with very comfortable armchairs for the sessions when she and I took turns reading to him from the works of Spanish-speaking poets. "I want you to be very aware of what we are doing," he said as soon as I sat down. "We are dis- cussing the mastery of awareness. The truths we're discussing are the principles of that mastery." He added that in his teachings for the right side he had demonstrated those principles to my normal awareness with the help of one of his seer compan- ions, Genaro, and that Genaro had played around with my awareness with all the humor and irreverence for which the new seers were known. "Genaro is the one who should be here telling you about the Eagle," he said, "except that his versions are too irreverent. He thinks that the seers who called that force the Eagle were either very stupid or were making a grand joke, because eagles not only lay eggs, they also lay turds." Don Juan laughed and said that he found Genaro's comments so appropriate that he couldn't resist laugh- ter. He added that if the new seers had been the ones to describe the Eagle the description would certainly have been made half in fun. I told don Juan that on one level I took the Eagle as a poetic image, and as such it delighted me, but on another level I took it literally, and that terrified me. "One of the greatest forces in the lives of warriors is fear," he said. "It spurs them to learn." He reminded me that the description of the Eagle came from the ancient seers. The new seers were through with description, comparison, and conjecture of any sort. They wanted to get directly to the source of things and consequently risked unlimited danger to get to it. They did see the Eagle's emanations. But they never tampered with the description of the Eagle. They felt that it took too much energy to see the Eagle, and that the ancient seers had already paid heavily for their scant glimpse of the unknowable. "How did the old seers come around to describing the Eagle?" I asked. "They needed a minimal set of guidelines about the unknowable for purposes of instruction," he replied. "They resolved it with a sketchy description of the force that rules all there is, but not of its emanations, because the emanations cannot be rendered at all in a language of comparisons. Individual seers may feel the urge to make comments about certain emanations, but that will remain personal, in other words, there is no pat version of the emanations, as there is of the Eagle." "The new seers seem to have been very abstract," I commented. "They sound like modern-day philoso- phers." "No. The new seers were terribly practical men," he replied. "They weren't involved in concocting ra- tional theories." He said that the ancient seers were the ones who were the abstract thinkers. They built monumental ed- ifices of abstractions proper to them and their time. And just like the modern-day philosophers, they were not at all in control of their concatenations. The new seers, on the other hand, imbued with practicality, were able to see a flux of emanations and to see how man and other living beings utilize them to construct their perceivable world. "How are those emanations utilized by man, don Juan?" "It's so simple it sounds idiotic. For a seer, men are luminous beings. Our luminosity is made up of that portion of the Eagle's emanations which is encased in our egglike cocoon. That particular portion, that hand- ful of emanations that is encased, is what makes us men. To perceive is to match the emanations con- tained inside our cocoon with those that are outside. "Seers can see, for instance, the emanations inside any living creature and can tell which of the outside emanations would match them." "Are the emanations like beams of light?" I asked. "No. Not at all. That would be too simple. They are something indescribable. And yet, my personal com- ment would be to say that they are like filaments of light. What's incomprehensible to normal awareness is that the filaments are aware. I can't tell you what that means, because I don't know what I am saying. All I can tell you with my personal comments is that the filaments are aware of themselves, alive and vi- brating, that there are so many of them that numbers have no meaning and that each of them is an eternity in itself." 4 The Glow of Awareness Don Juan, don Genaro, and I had just returned from gathering plants in the surrounding mountains. We were at don Genaro's house, sitting around the table, when don Juan made me change levels of awareness. Don Genaro had been staring at me and began to chuckle. He remarked how odd he thought it was that I had two completely different standards for dealing with the two sides of awareness. My relation with him was the most obvious example. On my right side, he was the respected and feared sorcerer don Genaro, a man whose incomprehensible acts delighted me and at the same time filled me with mortal terror. On my left side, he was plain Genaro, or Genarito, with no don attached to his name, a charming and kind seer whose acts were thoroughly comprehensible and coherent with what I myself did or tried to do. I agreed with him and added that on my left side, the man whose mere presence made me shake like a leaf was Silvio Manuel, the most mysterious of don Juan's companions. I also said that don Juan, being a true nagual, transcended arbitrary standards and was respected and admired by me in both states. "But is he feared?" Genaro asked in a quivering voice. "Very feared," don Juan interjected in a falsetto voice. We all laughed, but don Juan and Genaro laughed with such abandon that I immediately suspected they knew something they were holding back. Don Juan was reading me like a book. He explained that in the intermediate stage, before one enters fully into the left-side awareness, one is capable of tremen- dous concentration, but one is also susceptible to every conceivable influence. I was being influenced by suspicion. "La Gorda is always in this stage," he said. "She learns beautifully, but she's a royal pain in the neck. She can't help being driven by anything that comes her way, including, of corse, very good things, like keen concentration." Don Juan explained that the new seers discovered that the transition period is the time when the deepest learning takes place, and that it is also the time when warriors must be supervised and explanations must be given to them so they can evaluate them properly. If no explanations are given to them before they enter into the left side, they will be great sorcerers but poor seers, as the ancient Toltecs were. Female warriors in particular fall prey to the lure of the left side, he said. They are so nimble that they can go into the left side with no effort, often too soon for their own good. After a long silence, Genaro fell asleep. Don Juan began to speak. He said that the new seers had had to invent a number of terms in order to explain the sec- ond truth about awareness. His benefactor had changed some of those terms to suit himself, and he himself had done the same, guided by the seers' belief that it does not make any difference what terms are used as long as the truths have been verified by seeing. I was curious to know what terms he had changed, but I didn't know quite how to word my question. He took it that I was doubting his right or his ability to change them and explained that if the terms we pro- pose originate in our reason they can only communi- cate the mundane agreement of everyday life. When seers propose a term, on the other hand, it is never a figure of speech because it stems from seeing and em- braces everything that seers can attain. I asked him why he had changed the terms. "It's a nagual's duty always to look for better ways to explain," he replied. "Time changes everything, and every new nagual has to incorporate new words, new ideas, to describe his seeing. '" "Do you mean that a nagual takes ideas from the world of every day life?" I asked. "No. I mean that a nagual talks about seeing in ever new ways," he said. "For instance, as the new na- gual, you'd have to say that awareness gives rise to perception. You'd be saying the same thing my bene- factor said, but in a different way." "What do the new seers say perception is, don Juan?" "They say that perception is a condition of align- ment; the emanations inside the cocoon become aligned with those outside that fit them. Alignment is what allows awareness to be cultivated by every living creature. Seers make these statements because they see living creatures as they really are: luminous beings that look like bubbles of whitish light." I asked him how the emanations inside the cocoon fit those outside so as to accomplish perception. "The emanations inside and the emanations out- side," he said, "are the same filaments of light. Sen- tient beings are minute bubbles made out of those filaments, microscopic points of light, attached to the infinite emanations." He went on to explain that the luminosity of living beings is made by the particular portion of the Eagle's emanations they happen to have inside their luminous cocoons. When seers see perception, they witness that the luminosity of the Eagle's emanations outside those creatures' cocoons brightens the luminosity of the emanations inside their cocoons. The outside lu- minosity attracts the inside one; it traps it, so to speak, and fixes it. That fixation is the awareness of every specific being. Seers can also see how the emanations outside the cocoon exert a particular pressure on the portion of emanations inside. This pressure determines the de- gree of awareness that every living being has. I asked him to clarify how the Eagle's emanations outside the cocoon exert pressure on those inside. "The Eagle's emanations are more than filaments of light," he replied. "Each one of them is a source of boundless energy. Think of it this way: since some of the emanations outside the cocoon are the same as the emanations inside, their energies are like a continuous pressure. But the cocoon isolates the emanations that are inside its web and thereby directs the pressure. "I've mentioned to you that the old seers were mas- ters of the art of handling awareness," he went on. "What I can add now is that they were the masters of that art because they learned to manipulate the struc- ture of man's cocoon. I've said to you that they unrav- eled the mystery of being aware. By that I meant that they saw and realized that awareness is a glow in the cocoon of living beings. They rightly called it the glow of awareness." He explained that the old seers saw that man's awareness is a glow of amber luminosity more intense than the rest of the cocoon. That glow is on a narrow, vertical band on the extreme right side of the cocoon, running along its entire length. The mastery of the old seers was to move that glow, to make it spread from its original setting on the surface of the cocoon inward across its width. He stopped talking and looked at Genaro, who was still sound asleep. "Genaro doesn't give a fig about explanations," he said. "He's a doer. My benefactor pushed him con- stantly to face insoluble problems. So he entered into the left side proper and never had a chance to ponder and wonder." "Is it better to be that way, don Juan?" "It depends. For him, it's perfect. For you and for me, it wouldn't be satisfactory, because in one way or another we are called upon to explain. Genaro or my benefactor are more like the old than the new seers: they can control and do what they want with the glow of awareness." He stood up from the mat where we were sitting and stretched his arms and legs. I pressed him to continue talking. He smiled and said that I needed to rest, that my concentration was waning. There was a knock at the door. I woke up. It was dark. For a moment I could not remember where I was. There was something in me that was far away, as if part of me were still asleep, yet I was fully awake. Enough moonlight came through the open window so that I could see. I saw don Genaro get up and go to the door. I real- ized then that I was at his house. Don Juan was sound asleep on a mat on the floor. I had the distinct impres- sion that the three of us had fallen asleep after return- ing dead tired from a trip to the mountains. Don Genaro lit his kerosene lantern. I followed him into the kitchen. Someone had brought him a pot of hot stew and a stack of tortillas. "Who brought you food?" I asked him. "Do you have a woman around here that cooks for you?" Don Juan had come into the kitchen. Both of them looked at me, smiling. For some reason their smiles were terrifying to me. I was about to scream in terror, in fact, when don Juan hit me on the back and made me shift into a state of heightened awareness. I real- ized then that perhaps during my sleep, or as I woke up, I had drifted back to everyday awareness. The sensation I experienced then, once I was back in heightened awareness, was a mixture of relief and anger and the most acute sadness. I was relieved that I was myself again, for I had come to regard those incomprehensible states as being my true self. There was one simple reason for that?in those states I felt complete; nothing was missing from me. The anger and the sadness were a reaction to impotence. I was more aware than ever of the limitations of my being. I asked don Juan to explain to me how it was pos- sible for me to do what I was doing. In states of heightened awareness I could look back and remem- ber everything about myself; I could give an account of everything I had done in either state; I could even remember my incapacity to recollect. But once I had returned to my normal, everyday level of awareness I could not recall anything I had done in heightened awareness, even if my life depended on it. "Hold it, hold it there," he said. "You haven't re- membered anything yet. Heightened awareness is only an intermediate state. There is infinitely more beyond that, and you have been there many, many times. Right now you can't remember, even if your life depends on it." He was right. I had no idea what he was talking about. I pleaded for an explanation. "The explanation is coming," he said. "It's a slow process, but we'll get to it. It is slow because I am just like you: I like to understand. I am the opposite of my benefactor, who was not given to explaining. For him there was only action. He used to put us squarely against incomprehensible problems and let us resolve them for ourselves. Some of us never did resolve any- thing, and we ended up very much in the same boat with the old seers: all action and no real knowledge." "Are those memories trapped in my mind?" I asked. "No. That would make it too simple," he replied. "The actions of seers are more complex than dividing a man into mind and body. You have forgotten what you've done, or what you've witnessed, because when you were performing what you've forgotten you were seeing." I asked don Juan to reinterpret what he had just said. Patiently, he explained that everything I had forgot- ten had taken place in states in which my everyday awareness had been enhanced, intensified, a condition that meant that other areas of my total being were used. "Whatever you've forgotten is trapped in those areas of your total being," he said. "To be using those other areas is to see." "I'm more confused than ever, don Juan," I said. "I don't blame you," he said. "Seeing is to lay bare the core of everything, to witness the unknown and to glimpse into the unknowable. As such, it doesn't bring one solace. Seers ordinarily go to pieces on finding out that existence is incomprehensibly complex and that our normal awareness maligns it with its limitations." He reiterated that my concentration had to be total, that to understand was of crucial importance, that the new seers placed the highest value on deep, unemo- tional realizations. "For instance, the other day," he went on, "when you understood about la Gorda's and your self-impor- tance, you didn't understand anything really. You had an emotional outburst, that was all. I say this because the next day you were back on your high horse of self- importance as if you never had realized anything. "The same thing happened to the old seers. They were given to emotional reactions. But when the time came for them to understand what they had seen, they couldn't do it. To understand one needs sobriety, not emotionality. Beware of those who weep with reali- zation, for they have realized nothing. "There are untold dangers in the path of knowledge for those without sober understanding," he continued. "I am outlining the order in which the new seers ar- ranged the truths about awareness, so it will serve you as a map. a map that you have to corroborate with your seeing, but not with your eyes." There was a long pause. He stared at me. He was definitely waiting for me to ask him a question. "Everybody falls prey to the mistake that seeing is done with the eyes," he continued. "But don't be surprised that after so many years you haven't real- ized yet that seeing is not a matter of the eyes. It's quite normal to make that mistake." "What is seeing, then?" I asked. He replied that seeing is alignment. And I reminded him that he had said that perception is alignment. He explained then that the alignment of emanations used routinely is the perception of the day-to-day world, but the alignment of emanations that are never used ordinarily is seeing. When such an alignment occurs one sees. Seeing, therefore, being produced by align- ment out of the ordinary, cannot be something one could merely look at. He said that in spite of the fact that I had seen countless times, it had not occurred to me to disregard my eyes. I had succumbed to the way seeing is labeled and described. "When seers see, something explains everything as the new alignment takes place," he continued. "It's a voice that tells them in their ear what's what. If that voice is not present, what the seer is engaged in isn't seeing. " After a moment's pause, he continued explaining the voice of seeing. He said that it was equally falla- cious to say that seeing was hearing, because it was infinitely more than that, but that seers had opted for using sound as a gauge of a new alignment. He called the voice of seeing a most mysterious inexplicable thing. "My personal conclusion is that the voice of seeing belongs only to man," he said. "It may happen because talking is something that no one else besides man does. The old seers believed it was the voice of an overpowering entity intimately related to mankind, a protector of man. The new seers found out that that entity, which they called the mold of man, doesn't have a voice. The voice of seeing for the new seers is something quite Incomprehensible; they say it's the glow of awareness playing on the Eagle's emanations as a harpist plays on a harp." He refused to explain it any further, arguing that later on, as he proceeded with his explanation, every- thing would become clear to me. My concentration had been so total while don Juan spoke that I actually did not remember sitting down at the table to eat. When don Juan stopped talking, I noticed that his plate of stew was nearly finished. Genaro was staring at me with a beaming smile. My plate was in front of me on the table, and it too was empty. There was only a tiny residue of stew left in it, as if I had just finished eating. I did not remember eating it at all, but neither did I remember walking to the table or sitting down. "Did you like the stew?" Genaro asked me and looked away. I said I did, because I did not want to admit that I was having problems recollecting. "It had too much chile for my taste," Genaro said. "You never eat hot food yourself, so I'm sort of wor- ried about what it will do to you. You shouldn't have eaten two servings. I suppose you're a little more pig- gish when you're in heightened awareness, eh?" I admitted that he was probably right. He handed me a large pitcher of water to quench my thirst and soothe my throat. When I eagerly drank all of it, both of them broke into howling laughter. Suddenly, I realized what was going on. My reali- zation was physical. It was a flash of yellowish light that hit me as if a match had been struck right between my eyes. I knew then that Genaro was joking. I had not eaten. I had been so absorbed in don Juan's expla- nation that I had forgotten about everything else. The plate in front of me was Genaro's. After dinner don Juan went on with his explanation about the glow of awareness. Genaro sat by me, listen- ing as if he had never heard the explanation before. Don Juan said that the pressure that the emanations outside the cocoon, which are called emanations at large, exert on the emanations inside the cocoon is the same in all sentient beings. Yet the results of that pres- sure are vastly different among them, because their cocoons react to that pressure in every conceivable way. There are. however, degrees of uniformity within certain boundaries. "Now," he went on, "when seers see that the pres- sure of the emanations at large bears down on the emanations inside, which are always in motion, and makes them stop moving, they know that the luminous being at that moment is fixated by awareness. "To say that the emanations at large bear down on those inside the cocoon and make them stop moving means that seers see something indescribable, the meaning of which they know without a shadow of doubt. It means that the voice of seeing has told them that the emanations inside the cocoon are completely at rest and match some of those which are outside." He said that seers maintain, naturally, that aware- ness always comes from outside ourselves, that the real mystery is not inside us. Since by nature the em- anations at large are made to fixate what is inside the cocoon, the trick of awareness is to let the fixating emanations merge with what is inside us. Seers be- lieve that if we let that happen we become what we really are?fluid, forever in motion, eternal. There was a long pause. Don Juan's eyes had an intense shine. They seemed to be looking at me from a great depth. I had the feeling that each of his eyes was an independent point of brilliance. For an instant he appeared to be struggling against an invisible force, a fire from within that intended to consume him. It passed and he went on talking. "The degree of awareness of every individual sen- tient being," he continued, "depends on the degree to which it is capable of letting the pressure of the ema- nations at large carry it." After a long interruption, don Juan continued ex- plaining. He said that seers saw that from the moment of conception awareness is enhanced, enriched, by the process of being alive. He said that seers saw, for instance, that the awareness of an individual insect or that of an individual man grows from the moment of conception in astoundingly different ways, but with equal consistency. "Is it from the moment of conception or from the moment of birth that awareness develops?" I asked. "Awareness develops from the moment of concep- tion," he replied. "I have always told you that sexual energy is something of ultimate importance and that it has to be controlled and used with great care. But you have always resented what I said, because you thought I was speaking of control in terms of morality; I always meant it in terms of saving and rechanneling energy." Don Juan looked at Genaro. Genaro nodded his head in approval. "Genaro is going to tell you what our benefactor, the nagual Julian, used to say about saving and re- channeling sexual energy," don Juan said to me. "The nagual Julian used to say that to have sex is a matter of energy," Genaro began. "For instance, he never had any problems having sex, because he had bushels of energy. But he took one look at me and prescribed right away that my peter was just for peeing. He told me that I didn't have enough energy to have sex. He said that my parents were too bored and too tired when they made me; he said that I was the result of very boring sex, cojida aburrida. I was born like that, bored and tired. The nagual Julian rec- ommended that people like me should never have sex; this way we can store the little energy we have. "He said the same thing to Silvio Manuel and to Emilito. He saw that the others had enough energy. They were not the result of bored sex. He told them that they could do anything they wanted with their sexual energy, but he recommended that they control themselves and understand the Eagle's command that sex is for bestowing the glow of awareness. We all said we had understood. "One day, without any warning at all, he opened the curtain of the other world with the help of his own benefactor, the nagual Ellas, and pushed all of us in- side, with no hesitation whatsoever. All of us, except Silvio Manuel, nearly died in there. We had no energy to withstand the impact of the other world. None of us, except Silvio Manuel, had followed the nagual's recommendation." "What is the curtain of the other world?" I asked don Juan. "What Genaro said?it is a curtain," don Juan re- plied. "But you're getting off the subject. You always do. We're talking about the Eagle's command about sex. It is the Eagle's command that sexual energy be used for creating life. Through sexual energy, the eagle bestows awareness. So when sentient beings are engaged in sexual intercourse, the emanations inside their cocoons do their best to bestow awareness to the new sentient being they are creating." He said that during the sexual act, the emanations encased inside the cocoon of both partners undergo a profound agitation, the culminating point of which is a merging, a fusing of two pieces of the glow of aware- ness, one from each partner, that separate from their cocoons. "Sexual intercourse is always a bestowal of aware- ness even though the bestowal may not be consoli- dated," he went on. "The emanations inside the cocoon of human beings don't know of intercourse for fun." Genaro leaned over toward me from his chair across the table and talked to me in a low voice, shaking his head for emphasis. "The nagual is telling you the truth," he said and winked at me. "Those emanations really don't know." Don Juan fought not to laugh and added that the fallacy of man is to act with total disregard for the mystery of existence and to believe that such a sub- lime act of bestowing life and awareness is merely a physical drive that one can twist at will. Genaro made obscene sexual gestures, twisting his pelvis around, on and on. Don Juan nodded and said that that was exactly what he meant. Genaro thanked him for acknowledging his one and only contribution to the explanation of awareness. Both of them laughed like idiots, saying that if I had known how serious their benefactor was about the explanation of awareness, I would be laughing with them. I earnestly asked don Juan what all this meant for an average man in the day-to-day world. "You mean what Genaro is doing?" he asked me in mock seriousness. Their glee was always contagious. It took a long time for them to calm down. Their level of energy was so high that next to them, I seemed old and decrepit. "I really don't know," don Juan finally answered me. "All I know is what it means to warriors. They know that the only real energy we possess is a life- bestowing sexual energy. This knowledge makes them permanently conscious of their responsibility. "If warriors want to have enough energy to see, they must become misers with their sexual energy. That was the lesson the nagual Julian gave us. He pushed us into the unknown, and we all nearly died. Since everyone of us wanted to see, we, of course, abstained from wasting our glow of awareness." I had heard him voice that belief before. Every time he did, we got into an argument. I always felt com- pelled to protest and raise objections to what I thought was a puritanical attitude toward sex. I again raised my objections. Both of them laughed to tears. "What can be done with man's natural sensuality?" I asked don Juan. "Nothing," he replied. "There is nothing wrong with man's sensuality, it's man's ignorance of and dis- regard for his magical nature that is wrong. It's a mis- take to waste recklessly the life-bestowing force of sex and not have children, but it's also a mistake not to know that in having children one taxes the glow of awareness." "How do seers know that having children taxes the glow of awareness?" I asked. "They see that on having a child, the parents' glow of awareness diminishes and the child's increases. In some supersensitive, frail parents, the glow of aware- ness almost disappears. As children enhance their awareness, a big dark spot develops in the luminous cocoon of the parents, on the very place from which the glow was taken away. It is usually on the midsec- tion of the cocoon. Sometimes those spots can even be seen superimposed on the body itself." I asked him if there was anything that could be done to give people a more balanced understanding of the glow of awareness. "Nothing," he said. "At least, there is nothing that seers can do. Seers aim to be free, to be unbiased witnesses incapable of passing judgment; otherwise they would have to assume the responsibility for bringing about a more adjusted cycle. No one can do that. The new cycle, if it is to come, must come of itself." 5 The First Attention The following day we ate breakfast at dawn, then don Juan made me shift levels of awareness. "Today, let's go to an original setting," don Juan said to Genaro. "By all means," Genaro said gravely. He glanced at me and then added in a low voice, as if not wanting me to overhear him, "Does he have to. . . perhaps it's too much. . ." In a matter of seconds my fear and suspicion esca- lated to unbearable heights. I was sweating and pant- ing. Don Juan came to my side and, with an expression of almost uncontrollable amusement, as- sured me that Genaro was just entertaining himself at my expense, and that we were going to a place where the original seers had lived thousands of years ago. As don Juan was speaking to me, I happened to glance at Genaro. He slowly shook his head from side to side. It was an almost imperceptible gesture, as if he were letting me know that don Juan was not telling the truth. I went into a state of nervous frenzy, near hysteria?and stopped only when Genaro burst into laughter. I marveled how easily my emotional states could escalate to nearly unmanageable heights or drop to nothing. Don Juan, Genaro, and I left Genaro's house in the early morning and traveled a short distance into the surrounding eroded hills. Presently we stopped and sat down on top of an enormous flat rock, on a gradual slope, in a corn field that seemed to have been recently harvested. "This is the original setting," don Juan said to me. "We'll come back here a couple more times, during the course of my explanation." "Very weird things happen here at night," Genaro said. "The nagual Julian actually caught an ally here. Or rather, the ally ..." Don Juan made a noticeable gesture with his eye- brows and Genaro stopped in midsentence. He smiled at me. "It's too early in the day for scary stories," Genaro said. "Let's wait until dark." He stood up and began creeping all around the rock, tiptoeing with his spine arched backward. "What was he saying about your benefactor's catching an ally here?" I asked don Juan. He did not answer right away. He was ecstatic, watching Genaro's antics. "He was referring to some sophisticated use of awareness," he finally replied, still staring at Genaro. Genaro completed a circle around the rock and came back and sat down by me. He was panting heav- ily, almost wheezing, out of breath. Don Juan seemed fascinated by what Genaro had done. Again I had the feeling that they were amusing themselves at my expense, that both of them were up to something I knew nothing about. Suddenly, don Juan began his explanation. His voice soothed me. He said that after much toiling, seers arrived at the conclusion that the consciousness of adult human beings, matured by the process of growth, can no longer be called awareness, because it has been modified into something more intense and complex, which seers call attention. "How do seers know that man's awareness is being cultivated and that it grows?" I asked. He said that at a given time in the growth of human beings a band of the emanations inside their cocoons becomes very bright; as human beings accumulate ex- perience, it begins to glow. In some instances, the glow of this band of emanations increases so dramati- cally that it fuses with the emanations from the out- side. Seers, witnessing an enhancement of this kind, had to surmise that awareness is the raw material and attention the end product of maturation. "How do seers describe attention?" I asked. "They say that attention is the harnessing and en- hancing of awareness through the process of being alive," he replied. He said that the danger of definitions is that they simplify matters to make them understandable; in this case, in defining attention, one runs the risk of trans- forming a magical, miraculous accomplishment into something commonplace. Attention is man's greatest single accomplishment. It develops from raw animal awareness until it covers the entire gamut of human alternatives. Seers perfect it even further until it cov- ers the whole scope of human possibilities. I wanted to know if there was a special significance to alternatives and possibilities in the seers' view. Don Juan replied that human alternatives are every- thing we are capable of choosing as persons. They have to do with the level of our day-to-day range, the known; and owing to that fact, they are quite limited in number and scope. Human possibilities belong to the unknown. They are not what we are capable of choosing but what we are capable of attaining. He said that an example of human alternatives is our choice to believe that the human body is an object among ob- jects. An example of human possibilities is the seers' achievement in viewing man as an egglike luminous being. With the body as an object one tackles the known, with the body as a luminous egg one tackles the unknown; human possibilities have, therefore, nearly an inexhaustible scope. "Seers say that there are three types of attention," don Juan went on. "When they say that, they mean it just for human beings, not for all the sentient beings in existence. But the three are not just types of atten- tion, they are rather three levels of attainment. They are the first, second, and third attention, each of them an independent domain, complete in itself." He explained that the first attention in man is animal awareness, which has been developed, through the process of experience, into a complex, intricate, and extremely fragile faculty that takes care of the day-to- day world in all its innumerable aspects, in other words, everything that one can think about is part of the first attention. "The first attention is everything we are as average men," he continued. "By virtue of such an absolute rule over our lives, the first attention is the most valu- able asset that the average man has. Perhaps it is even our only asset. "Taking into account its true value, the new seers started a rigorous examination of the first attention through seeing. Their findings molded their total out- look and the outlook of all their descendants, even though most of them do not understand what those seers really saw." He emphatically warned me that the conclusions of the new seers' rigorous examination had very little to do with reason or rationality, because in order to ex- amine and explain the first attention, one must see it. Only seers can do that. But to examine what seers see in the first attention is essential. It allows the first attention the only opportunity it will ever have to re- alize its own workings. "In terms of what seers see, the first attention is the glow of awareness developed to an ultra shine," he continued. "But it is a glow fixed on the surface of the cocoon, so to speak. It is a glow that covers the known. "The second attention, on the other hand, is a more complex and specialized state of the glow of aware- ness. It has to do with the unknown. It comes about when unused emanations inside man's cocoon are uti- lized. "The reason I called the second attention special- ized is that in order to utilize those unused emana- tions, one needs uncommon, elaborate tactics that require supreme discipline and concentration." He said that he had told me before, when he was teaching me the art of dreaming, that the concentra- tion needed to be aware that one is having a dream is the forerunner of the second attention. That concen- tration is a form of consciousness that is not in the same category as the consciousness needed to deal with the daily world. He said that the second attention is also called the left-side awareness; and it is the vastest field that one can imagine, so vast in fact that it seems limitless. "I wouldn't stray into it for anything in this world," he went on. "It is a quagmire so complex and bizarre that sober seers go into it only under the strictest con- ditions. "The great difficulty is that the entrance into the second attention is utterly easy and its lure nearly ir- resistible." He said that the old seers, being the masters of awareness, applied their expertise to their own glows of awareness and made them expand to inconceivable limits. They actually aimed at lighting up all the ema- nations inside their cocoons, one band at a time. They succeeded, but oddly enough the accomplishment of lighting up one band at a time was instrumental in their becoming imprisoned in the quagmire of the second attention. "The new seers corrected that error," he contin- ued, "and let the mastery of awareness develop to its natural end, which is to extend the glow of awareness beyond the bounds of the luminous cocoon in one sin- gle stroke. "The third attention is attained when the glow of awareness turns into the fire from within: a glow that kindles not one band at a time but all the Eagle's em- anations inside man's cocoon." Don Juan expressed his awe for the new seers' de- liberate effort to attain the third attention while they are alive and conscious of their individuality. He did not consider it worthwhile to discuss the random cases of men and other sentient beings who enter into the unknown and the unknowable without being aware of it; he referred to this as the Eagle's gift. He asserted that for the new seers to enter into the third attention is also a gift, but has a different meaning, it is more like a reward for an attainment. He added that at the moment of dying all human beings enter into the unknowable and some of them do attain the third attention, but altogether too briefly and only to purify the food for the Eagle. "The supreme accomplishment of human beings," he said, "is to attain that level of attention while re- taining the life-force, without becoming a disembodied awareness moving like a flicker of light up to the Ea- gle's beak to be devoured." While listening to don Juan's explanation I had again completely lost sight of everything that sur- rounded me. Genaro apparently had gotten up and left us, and was nowhere in sight. Strangely, I found my- self crouching on the rock, with don Juan squatting by me holding me down by gently pushing on my shoul- ders. I reclined on the rock and closed my eyes. There was a soft breeze blowing from the west. "Don't fall asleep," don Juan said. "Not for any reason should you fall asleep on this rock." I sat up. Don Juan was staring at me. "Just relax," he went on. "Let the internal dialogue die out." All my concentration was involved in following what he was saying when I got a jolt of fright. I did not know what it was at first; I thought I was going through another attack of distrust. But then it struck me, like a bolt, that it was very late in the afternoon. What I had thought was an hour's conversation had consumed an entire day. I jumped up, fully aware of the incongruity, al- though I could not conceive what had happened to me. I felt a strange sensation that made my body want to run. Don Juan jumped me, restraining me forcefully. We fell to the soft ground, and he held me there with an iron grip. I had had no idea that don Juan was so strong. My body shook violently. My arms flew every which way as they shook. I was having something like a seizure. Yet some part of me was detached to the point of becoming fascinated with watching my body vibrate, twist, and shake. The spasms finally died out and don Juan let go of me. He was panting with the exertion. He recom- mended that we climb back up on the rock and sit there until I was all right. I could not help pressing him with my usual ques- tion: What had happened to me? He answered that as he talked to me I had pushed beyond a certain limit and had entered very deeply into the left side. He and Genaro had followed me in there. And then I had rushed out in the same fashion I had rushed in. "I caught you right on time," he said. "Otherwise you would have gone straight out to your normal self." I was totally confused. He explained that the three of us had been playing with awareness. I must have gotten scared and run out on them. "Genaro is the master of awareness," don Juan went on. "Silvio Manuel is the master of wilt. The two of them were mercilessly pushed into the unknown. My benefactor did to them what his benefactor did to him. Genaro and Silvio Manuel are very much like the old seers in some respects. They know what they can do, but they don't care to know how they do it. Today, Genaro seized the opportunity to push your glow of awareness and we all ended up in the weird confines of the unknown." I begged him to tell me what had happened in the unknown. "You'll have to remember that yourself," a voice said just by my ear. I was so convinced that it was the voice of seeing that it did not frighten me at all. I did not even obey the impulse to turn around. "I am the voice of seeing and I tell you that you are a peckerhead," the voice said again and chuckled. I turned around. Genaro was sitting behind me. I was so surprised that I laughed perhaps a bit more hysterically than they did. "It's getting dark now," Genaro said to me. "As I promised you earlier today, we are going to have a ball here." Don Juan intervened and said that we should stop for the day, because I was the kind of nincompoop who could die offright. "Nah, he's all right," Genaro said, patting me on the shoulder. "You'd better ask him," don Juan said to Genaro. "He himself will tell you that he's that kind of nincom- poop." "Are you really that kind of nincompoop?" Genaro asked me with a frown. I didn't answer him. And that made them roll around laughing. Genaro rolled all the way to the ground. "He's caught," Genaro said to don Juan, referring to me, after don Juan had swiftly jumped down and helped him to stand up. "He'll never say he's a nin- compoop. He's too self-important for that, but he's shivering in his pants with fear of what might happen because he didn't confess he's a nincompoop." Watching them laugh, I was convinced that only Indians could laugh with such joyfulness. But I also became convinced that there was a mile-wide streak of maliciousness in them. They were poking fun at a non-Indian. Don Juan immediately caught my feelings. "Don't let your self-importance run rampant," he said. "You're not special by any standards. None of us are, Indians and non-Indians. The nagual Julian and his benefactor added years of enjoyment to their lives laughing at us." Genaro nimbly climbed back onto the rock and came to my side. "If I were you. I'd feel so frigging embarrassed I'd cry," he said to me. "Cry, cry. Have a good cry and you'll feel better." To my utter amazement I began to weep softly. Then I got so angry that I roared with fury. Only then I felt better. Don Juan patted my back gently. He said that usu- ally anger is very sobering, or sometimes fear is, or humor. My violent nature made me respond only to anger. He added that a sudden shift in the glow of aware- ness makes us weak. They had been trying to rein- force me, to bolster me. Apparently, Genaro had succeeded by making me rage. It was twilight by then. Suddenly Genaro pointed to a flicker in midair at eye level, in the twilight it ap- peared to be a large moth flying around the place where we sat. "Be very gentle with your exaggerated nature," don Juan said to me. "Don't be eager. Just let Genaro guide you. Don't take your eyes from that spot." The flickering point was definitely a moth. I could clearly distinguish all its features. I followed its con- voluted, tired flight, until I could see every speck of dust on its wings. Something got me out of my total absorption. I sensed a flurry of soundless noise, if that could be possible, just behind me. I turned around and caught sight of an entire row of people on the other edge of the rock, an edge that was a bit higher than the one on which we were sitting. I supposed that the people who lived nearby must have gotten suspicious of us hang- ing around all day and had climbed onto the rock in- tending to harm us. I knew about their intentions instantly. Don Juan and Genaro slid down from the rock and told me to hurry down. We left immediately without turning back to see if the men were following us. Don Juan and Genaro refused to talk while we walked back to Genaro's house. Don Juan even made me hush with a fierce grunt, putting his finger to his lips. Genaro did not come into the house, but kept on walking as don Juan dragged me inside. "Who were those people, don Juan?" I asked him, when the two of us were safely inside the house and he had lit the lantern. "They were not people," he replied. "Come on, don Juan, don't mystify me," I said. "They were men; I saw them with my own eyes." "Of course, you saw them with your own eyes," he retorted, "but that doesn't say anything. Your eyes misled you. Those were not people and they were fol- lowing you. Genaro had to draw them away from you." "What were they, then, if not people?" "Oh, there is the mystery," he said. "It's a mystery of awareness and it can't be solved rationally by talk- ing about it. The mystery can only be witnessed." "Let me witness it then." I said. "But you already have, twice in one day," he said. "You don't remember now. You will, however, when you rekindle the emanations that were glowing when you witnessed the mystery of awareness i'm referring to. In the meantime, let's go back to our explanation of awareness." He reiterated that awareness begins with the per- manent pressure that the emanations at large exert on the ones trapped inside the cocoon. This pressure pro- duces the first act of consciousness; it stops the mo- tion of the trapped emanations, which are fighting to break the cocoon, fighting to die. "For a seer, the truth is that all living beings are struggling to die," he went on. "What stops death is awareness." Don Juan said that the new seers were profoundly disturbed by the fact that awareness forestalls death and at the same time induces it by being food for the Eagle. Since they could not explain it, for there is no rational way to understand existence, seers realized that their knowledge is composed of contradictory propositions. "Why did they develop a system of contradic- tions?" I asked. "They didn't develop anything," he said. "They found unquestionable truths by means of their seeing. Those truths are arranged in terms of supposedly bla- tant contradictions, that's all. "For example, seers have to be methodical, rational beings, paragons of sobriety, and at the same time they must shy away from all of those qualities in order to be completely free and open to the wonders and mysteries of existence." His example left me baffled, but not to the extreme. I understood what he meant. He himself had spon- sored my rationality only to crush it and demand a total absence of it. I told him how I understood his point. "Only a feeling of supreme sobriety can bridge the contradictions," he said. "Could you say, don Juan, that art is that bridge?" "You may call the bridge between contradictions anything you want?art, affection, sobriety, love, or even kindness." Don Juan continued his explanation and said that in examining the first attention, the new seers realized that all organic beings, except man, quiet down their agitated trapped emanations so that those emanations can align themselves with their matching ones outside. Human beings do not do that; instead, their first atten- tion lakes an inventory of the Eagle's emanations in- side their cocoons. "What is an inventory, don Juan?" I asked. "Human beings take notice of the emanations they have inside their cocoons," he replied. "No other creatures do that. The moment the pressure from the emanations at large fixates the emanations inside, the first attention begins to watch itself. It notes every- thing about itself, or at least it tries to, in whatever aberrant ways it can. This is the process seers call taking an inventory. "I don't mean to say that human beings choose to take an inventory, or that they can refuse to take it. To take an inventory is the Eagle's command. What is subject to volition, however, is the manner in which the command is obeyed." He said that although he disliked calling the ema- nations commands, that is what they are: commands that no one can disobey. Yet the way out of obeying the commands is in obeying them. "In the case of the inventory of the first attention," he went on, "seers take it, for they can't disobey. But once they have taken it they throw it away. The Eagle doesn't command us to worship our inventory; it com- mands us to take it, that's all." "How do seers see that man takes an inventory?" I asked. "The emanations inside the cocoon of man are not quieted down for purposes of matching them with those outside," he replied. "This is evident after seeing what other creatures do. On quieting down, some of them actually merge themselves with the em- anations at large and move with them. Seers can see, for instance, the light of the scarabs' emanations ex- panding to great size. "But human beings quiet down their emanations and then reflect on them. The emanations focus on themselves." He said that human beings carry the command of taking an inventory to its logical extreme and disre- gard everything else. Once they are deeply involved in the inventory, two things may happen. They may ignore the impulses of the emanations at large, or they may use them in a very specialized way. The end result of ignoring those impulses after tak- ing an inventory is a unique state known as reason. The result of using every impulse in a specialized way is known as self-absorption. Human reason appears to a seer as an unusually homogeneous dull glow that rarely if ever responds to the constant pressure from the emanations at large? a glow that makes the egglike shell become tougher, but more brittle. Don Juan remarked that reason in the human spe- cies should be bountiful, but that in actuality it is very rare. The majority of human beings turn to self-ab- sorption. He asserted that the awareness of all living beings has a degree of self-reflection in order for them to interact. But none except man's first attention has such a degree of self-absorption. Contrary to men of reason, who ignore the impulse of the emanations at large, the self-absorbed individuals use every impulse and turn them all into a force to stir the trapped ema- nations inside their cocoons. Observing all this, seers arrived at a practical con- clusion. They saw that men of reason are bound to live longer, because by disregarding the impulse of the emanations at large, they quiet down the natural agi- tation inside their cocoons. The self-absorbed individ- uals, on the other hand, by using the impulse of the emanations at large to create more agitation, shorten their lives. "What do seers see when they gaze at self-absorbed human beings?" I asked. "They see them as intermittent bursts of white light, followed by long pauses of dullness," he said. Don Juan stopped talking. I had no more questions to ask, or perhaps I was too tired to ask about any- thing. There was a loud bang that made me jump. The front door flew open and Genaro came in, out of breath. He slumped on the mat. He was actually cov- ered with perspiration. "I was explaining about the first attention," don Juan said to him. "The first attention works only with the known," Genaro said. "it isn't worth two plugged nickels with the unknown." "That is not quite right," don Juan retorted. "The first attention works very well with the unknown. It blocks it; it denies it so fiercely that in the end, the unknown doesn't exist for the first attention. "Taking an inventory makes us invulnerable. That is why the inventory came into existence in the first place." "What are you talking about?" I asked don Juan. He didn't reply. He looked at Genaro as if waiting for an answer. "But if I open the door," Genaro said, "would the first attention be capable of dealing with what will come in?" "Yours and mine wouldn't, but his will," don Juan said, pointing at me. "Let's try it." "Even though he's in heightened awareness?" Ge- naro asked don Juan. "That won't make any difference," don Juan an- swered. Genaro got up and went to the front door and threw it open. He instantly jumped back. A gust of cold wind came in. Don Juan came to my side, and so did Ge- naro. Both of them looked at me in amazement. I wanted to close the front door. The cold was mak- ing me uncomfortable. But as I moved toward the door, don Juan and Genaro jumped in front of me and shielded me. "Do you notice anything in the room?" Genaro asked me. "No, I don't," I said, and I really meant it. Except for the cold wind pouring in through the open door, there was nothing to notice in there. "Weird creatures came in when I opened the door," he said. "Don't you notice anything?" There was something in his voice that told me he was not joking this time. The three of us, with both of them flanking me, walked out of the house. Don Juan picked up the ker- osene lantern, and Genaro locked the front door. We got inside the car, through the passenger's side. They pushed me in first. And then we drove to don Juan's house in the next town. 6 Inorganic Beings The next day I repeatedly asked don Juan to explain our hasty departure from Genaro's house. He refused even to mention the incident. Genaro was no help either. Every time I asked him he winked at me, grin- ning like a fool. In the afternoon, don Juan came to the back patio of his house, where I was talking with his apprentices. As if on cue, all the young apprentices left instantly. Don Juan took me by the arm, and we began to walk along the corridor. He did not say anything; for a while we just strolled around, very much as if we were in the public square. Don Juan stopped walking and turned to me. He circled me, looking over my entire body. I knew that he was seeing me. I felt a strange fatigue, a laziness I had not felt until his eyes swept over me. He began to talk all of a sudden. "The reason Genaro and I didn't want to focus on what happened last night," he said, "was that you had been very frightened during the time you were in the unknown. Genaro pushed you, and things happened to you in there." "What things, don Juan?" "Things that are still difficult if not impossible to explain to you now," he said. "You don't have enough surplus energy to enter into the unknown and make sense of it. When the new seers arranged the order of the truths about awareness, they saw that the first attention consumes all the glow of awareness that human beings have, and not an iota of energy is left free. That's your problem now. So, the new seers pro- posed that warriors, since they have to enter into the unknown, have to save their energy. But where are they going to get energy, if all of it is taken? They'll get it, the new seers say, from eradicating unnecessary habits." He stopped talking and solicited questions. I asked him what eradicating unnecessary habits did to the glow of awareness. He replied that it detaches awareness from self-re- flection and allows it the freedom to focus on some- thing else. "The unknown is forever present," he continued, "but it is outside the possibility of our normal aware- ness. The unknown is the superfluous part of the av- erage man. And it is superfluous because the average man doesn't have enough free energy to grasp it. "After all the time you've spent in the warrior's path, you have enough free energy to grasp the un- known, but not enough energy to understand it or even to remember it." He explained that at the site of the flat rock, I had entered very deeply into the unknown. But I indulged in my exaggerated nature and became terrified, which was about the worst thing anyone can do. So I had rushed out of the left side, like a bat out of hell; unfor- tunately, taking a legion of strange things with me. I told don Juan that he was not getting to the point, that he should come out and tell me exactly what he meant by a legion of strange things. He took me by the arm and continued strolling around with me. "In explaining awareness," he said, "I am presum- ably fitting everything or nearly everything into place. Let's talk a little bit about the old seers. Genaro, as I've told you, is very much like them." He led me then to the big room. We sat down there and he began his elucidation. "The new seers were simply terrified by the knowl- edge that the old seers had accumulated over the years," don Juan said. "It's understandable. The new seers knew that that knowledge leads only to total destruction. Yet they were also fascinated by it?es- pecially by the practices." "How did the new seers know about those prac- tices?" I asked. "They are the legacy of the old Toltecs," he said. "The new seers learn about them as they go along. They hardly ever use them, but the practices are there as part of their knowledge." "What kind of practices are they, don Juan?" "They are very obscure formulas, incantations, lengthy procedures that have to do with the handling of a very mysterious force. At least it was mysterious to the ancient Toltecs, who masked it and made it more horrifying than it really is." "What is that mysterious force?" I asked. "It's a force that is present throughout everything there is," he said. "The old seers never attempted to unravel the mystery of the force that made them cre- ate their secret practices; they simply accepted it as something sacred. But the new seers took a close look and called it wilt, the will of the Eagle's emanations, or intent."' Don Juan went on explaining that the ancient Tol- tecs had divided their secret knowledge into five sets of two categories each: the earth and the dark regions, fire and water, the above and the below, the loud and the silent, the moving and the stationary. He specu- lated that there must have been thousands of different techniques, which became more and more intricate as time passed. "The secret knowledge of the earth," he went on, "had to do with everything that stands on the ground. There were particular sets of movements, words, un- guents, potions that were applied to people, animals, insects, trees, small plants, rocks, soil. "These were techniques that made the old seers into horrid beings. And their secret knowledge of the earth was employed either to groom or to destroy any- thing that stands on the ground. "The counterpart of the earth was what they knew as the dark regions. These practices were by far the most dangerous. They dealt with entities without or- ganic life. Living creatures that are present on the earth and populate it together with all organic beings. "Doubtlessly, one of the most worthwhile findings of the ancient seers, especially for them, was the dis- covery that organic life is not the only form of life present on this earth." I did not quite comprehend what he had said. I waited for him to clarify his statements. "Organic beings are not the only creatures that have life," he said and paused again as if to allow me time to think his statements over. I countered with a long argument about the defini- tion of life and being alive. I talked about reproduc- tion, metabolism, and growth, the processes that distinguish live organisms from inanimate things. "You're drawing from the organic," he said. "But that's only one instance. You shouldn't draw all you have to say from one category alone." "But how else can it be?" I asked. "For seers, to be alive means to be aware," he replied. "For the average man, to be aware means to be an organism. This is where seers are different. For them, to be aware means that the emanations that cause awareness are encased inside a receptacle. "Organic living beings have a cocoon that encloses the emanations. But there are other creatures whose receptacles don't look like a cocoon to a seer. Yet they have the emanations of awareness in them and characteristics of life other than reproduction and me- tabolism." "Such as what, don Juan?" "Such as emotional dependency, sadness, joy, wrath, and so forth and so on. And I forgot the best yet, love; a kind of love man can't even conceive." "Are you serious, don Juan?" I asked in earnest. "Inanimately serious," he answered with a deadpan expression and then broke into laughter. "If we take as our clue what seers see," he contin- ued, "life is indeed extraordinary." "If those beings are alive, why don't they make themselves known to man?" I asked. "They do, all the time. And not only to seers but also to the average man. The problem is that all the energy available is consumed by the first attention. Man's inventory not only takes it all, but it also tough- ens the cocoon to the point of making it inflexible. Under those circumstances there is no possible inter- action." He reminded me of the countless times, in the course of my apprenticeship with him, when I had had a firsthand view of inorganic beings. I retorted that I had explained away nearly every one of those in- stances. I had even formulated the hypothesis that his teachings, through the use of hallucinogenic plants, were geared to force an agreement, on the part of the apprentice, about a primitive interpretation of the world. I told him that I had not formally called it prim- itive interpretation but in anthropological terms I had labeled it a "world view more proper to hunting and gathering societies." Don Juan laughed until he was out of breath. "I really don't know whether you're worse in your normal state of awareness or in a heightened one," he said. "In your normal state you're not suspicious, but boringly reasonable. I think I like you best when you are way inside the left side, in spite of the fact that you are terribly afraid of everything, as you were yes- terday." Before I had time to say anything at all, he stated that he was pitting what the old seers did against the accomplishments of the new seers, as a sort of coun- terpoint, with which he intended to give me a more inclusive view of the odds I was up against. He continued then with his elucidation of the prac- tices of the old seers. He said that another of their great findings had to do with the next category of se- cret knowledge: fire and water. They discovered that flames have a most peculiar quality; they can transport man bodily, just as water does. Don Juan called it a brilliant discovery. I remarked that there are basic laws of physics that would prove that to be impossible. He asked me to wait until he had explained everything before drawing any conclu- sions. He remarked that I had to check my excessive rationality, because it constantly affected my states of heightened awareness. It was not a case of reacting every which way to external influences, but of suc- cumbing to my own devices. He went on explaining that the ancient Toltecs, al- though they obviously saw, did not understand what they saw. They merely used their findings without bothering to relate them to a larger picture. In the case of their category of fire and water, they divided fire into heat and flame, and water into wetness and fluid- ity. They correlated heat and wetness and called them lesser properties. They considered flames and fluidity to be higher, magical properties, and they used them as a means for bodily transportation to the realm of nonorganic life. Between their knowledge of that kind of life and their fire and water practices, the ancient seers became bogged down in a quagmire with no way out. Don Juan assured me that the new seers agreed that the discovery of nonorganic living beings was indeed extraordinary, but not in the way the old seers be- lieved it to be. To find themselves in a one-to-one relation with another kind of life gave the ancient seers a false feeling of invulnerability, which spelled their doom. I wanted him to explain the fire and water tech- niques in greater detail. He said that the old seers' knowledge was as intricate as it was useless and that he was only going to outline it. Then he summarized the practices of the above and the below. The above dealt with secret knowledge about wind, rain, sheets of lightning, clouds, thunder, daylight, and the sun. The knowledge of the below had to do with fog, water of underground springs, swamps, lightning bolts, earthquakes, the night, moonlight, and the moon. The loud and the silent were a category of secret knowledge that had to do with the manipulation of sound and quiet. The moving and the stationary were practices concerned with mysterious aspects of mo- tion and motionlessness. I asked him if he could give me an example of any of the techniques he had outlined. He replied that he had already given me dozens of demonstrations over the years. I insisted that I had rationally explained away everything he had done to me. He did not answer. He seemed to be either angry at me for asking questions or seriously involved in searching for a good example. After a while he smiled and said that he had visualized the proper example. "The technique I have in mind has to be put in action in the shallow depths of a stream," he said. "There is one near Genaro's house." "What will I have to do?" "You'll have to get a medium-size mirror." I was surprised at his request. I remarked that the ancient Toltecs did not know about mirrors. "They didn't," he admitted, smiling. "This is my benefactor's addition to the technique. All the ancient seers needed was a reflecting surface." He explained that the technique consisted of sub- merging a shiny surface into the shallow water of a stream. The surface could be any flat object that had some capacity to reflect images. "I want you to construct a solid frame made of sheet metal for a medium-size mirror," he said. "it has to be waterproof, so you must seal it with tar. You must make it yourself with your own hands. When you have made it, bring it over and we'll proceed." "What's going to happen, don Juan?" "Don't be apprehensive. You yourself have asked me to give you an example of an ancient Toltec prac- tice. I asked the same thing of my benefactor. I think everybody asks for one at a certain moment. My ben- efactor said that he did the same thing himself. His benefactor, the nagual Ellas, gave him an example; my benefactor in turn gave the same one to me, and now I am going to give it to you. "At the time my benefactor gave me the example I didn't know how he did it. I know now. Someday you yourself will also know how the technique works; you will understand what's behind all this." I thought that don Juan wanted me to go back home to Los Angeles and construct the frame for the mirror there. I commented that it would be impossible for me to remember the task if I did not remain in heightened awareness. "There are two things out of kilter with your com- ment," he said. "One is that there is no way for you to remain in heightened awareness, because you won't be able to function unless I or Genaro or any of the warriors in the nagual's party nurse you every minute of the day, as I do now. The other is that Mexico is not the moon. There are hardware stores here. We can go to Oaxaca and buy anything you need." We drove to the city the next day and I bought all the pieces for the frame. I assembled it myself in a mechanic's shop for a minimal fee. Don Juan told me to put it in the trunk of my car. He did not so much as glance at it. We drove back to Genaro's house in the late after- noon and arrived there in the early morning. I looked for Genaro. He was not there. The house seemed de- serted. "Why does Genaro keep this house?" I asked don Juan. "He lives with you, doesn't he?" Don Juan did not answer. He gave me a strange look and went to light the kerosene lantern. I was alone in the room in total darkness. I felt a great tiredness that I attributed to the long, tortuous drive up the moun- tains. I wanted to lie down. In the darkness, I could not see where Genaro had put the mats. I stumbled over a pile of them. And then I knew why Genaro kept that house; he took care of the male apprentices Pa- blito, Nestor, and Benigno, who lived there when they were in their state of normal awareness. I felt exhilarated; I was no longer tired. Don Juan came in with a lantern. I told him about my realiza- tion, but he said that it did not matter, that I would not remember it for too long. He asked me to show him the mirror. He seemed pleased and remarked about its being light yet solid. He noticed that I had used metal screws to affix an aluminum frame to a piece of sheet metal that I had used as a backing for a mirror eighteen inches long by fourteen inches wide. "I made a wooden frame for my mirror," he said. "This looks much better than mine. My frame was too cumbersome and at the same time frail. "Let me explain what we're going to do," he con- tinued after he had finished examining the mirror. "Or perhaps I should say, what we're going to attempt to do. The two of us together are going to place this mirror on the surface of the stream near the house. It is wide enough and shallow enough to serve our pur- poses. "The idea is to let the fluidity of the water exert pressure on us and transport us away." Before I could make any remarks or ask any ques- tions, he reminded me that in the past I had utilized the water of a similar stream and accomplished ex- traordinary feats of perception. He was referring to the aftereffects of ingesting hallucinogenic plants, which I had experienced various times while being submerged in the irrigation ditch behind his house in northern Mexico. "Save any questions until I explain to you what the seers knew about awareness," he said. "Then you'll understand everything we're doing in a different light. But first let's go on with our procedure." We walked to the nearby stream, and he selected a place with flat, exposed rocks. He said that there the water was shallow enough for our purposes. "What do you expect to happen?" I asked in the midst of a gripping apprehension. "I don't know. All I know is what we are going to attempt. We will hold the mirror very carefully, but very firmly. We will gently place it on the surface of the water and then let it submerge. We will then hold it on the bottom. I've checked it. There is enough silt there to allow us to dig our fingers underneath the mirror to hold it firmly." He asked me to squat on a flat rock above the sur- face in the middle of the gentle stream and made me hold the mirror with both hands, almost at the corners on one side. He squatted facing me and held the mirror the same way I did. We let the mirror sink and then we held it by plunging our arms in the water almost to our elbows. He commanded me to empty myself of thoughts and stare at the surface of the mirror. He repeated over and over that the trick was not to think at all. I looked intently into the mirror. The gentle current mildly dis- arranged the reflection of don Juan's face and mine. After a few minutes of steady gazing into the mirror it seemed to me that gradually the image of his face and mine became much clearer. And the mirror grew in size until it was at least a yard square. The current seemed to have stopped, and the mirror looked as clear as if it were placed on top of the water. Even more odd was the crispness of our reflections, it was as if my face had been magnified, not in size but in focus. I could see the pores in the skin of my forehead. Don Juan gently whispered not to stare at my eyes or his, but to let my gaze wander around without fo- cusing on any part of our reflections. "Gaze fixedly without staring!" he repeatedly or- dered in a forceful whisper. I did what he said without stopping to ponder about the seeming contradiction. At that moment something inside me was caught in that mirror and the contradic- tion actually made sense. "It is possible to gaze fixedly without staring," I thought, and the instant that thought was formulated another head appeared next to don Juan's and mine. It was on the lower side of the mirror, to my left. My whole body trembled. Don Juan whispered to calm down and not show fear or surprise. He again commanded me to gaze without staring at the new- comer. I had to make an unimaginable effort not to gasp and release the mirror. My body was shaking from head to toe. Don Juan whispered again to get hold of myself. He nudged me repeatedly with his shoulder. Slowly I got my fear under control. I gazed at the third head and gradually realized that it was not a human head, or an animal head either. In fact, it was not a head at all. It was a shape that had no inner mobility. As the thought occurred to me, I instantly realized that I was not thinking it myself. The realiza- tion was not a thought either. I had a moment of tremendous anxiety and then something incompre- hensible became known to me. The thoughts were a voice in my ear! "I am seeing!" I yelled in English, but there was no sound. "Yes, you're seeing," the voice in my ear said in Spanish. I felt that I was encased in a force greater than myself. I was not in pain or even anguished. I felt nothing. I knew beyond the shadow of a doubt, be- cause the voice was telling me so, that I could not break the grip of that force by an act of will or strength. I knew I was dying. I lifted my eyes auto- matically to look at don Juan, and at the instant our eyes met the force let go of me. I was free. Don Juan was smiling at me as if he knew exactly what I had gone through. I realized that I was standing up. Don Juan was holding the mirror edgewise to let the water drip off. We walked back to the house in silence. "The ancient Toltecs were simply mesmerized by their findings," don Juan said. "I can understand why," I said. "So can I," don Juan retorted. The force that had enveloped me had been so pow- erful as to incapacitate me for speech, even for thought, for hours afterward. It had frozen me with a total lack of volition. And I had thawed out only by tiny degrees. "Without any deliberate intervention on our part," don Juan continued, "this ancient Toltec technique has been divided into two parts for you. The first was just enough to familiarize you with what takes place. In the second, we will try to accomplish what the old seers pursued." "What really took place out there, don Juan?" I asked. "There are two versions. I'll give you the old seers' version first. They thought that the reflecting surface of a shiny object submerged in water enlarges the power of the water. What they used to do was gaze into bodies of water, and the reflecting surface served them as an aid to accelerate the process. They be- lieved that our eyes are the keys to entering into the unknown; by gazing into water, they were allowing the eyes to open the way." Don Juan said that the old seers observed that the wetness of water only dampens or soaks, but that the fluidity of water moves. It runs, they surmised, in search of other levels underneath us. They believed that water had been given to us not only for life, but also as a link, a road to the other levels below. "Are there many levels below?" I asked. "The ancient seers counted seven levels," he re- plied. "Do you know them yourself, don Juan?" "I am a seer of the new cycle, and consequently I have a different view," he said. "I am just showing you what the old seers did and I'm telling you what they believed." He asserted that just because he had different views did not mean the old seers' practices were invalid; their interpretations were wrong, but their truths had practical value for them. In the instance of the water practices, they were convinced that it was humanly possible to be transported bodily by the fluidity of water anywhere between this lev-el of ours and the other seven levels below; or to be transported in es- sence anywhere on this level, along the watercourse of a river in either direction. They used, accordingly, running water to be transported on this level of ours and the water of deep lakes or that of waterholes to be transported to the depths. "What they pursued with the technique I'm show- ing you was twofold," he went on. "On the one hand they used the fluidity of the water to be transported to the first level below. On the other, they used it to have a face-to-face meeting with a living being from that first level. The headlike shape in the mirror was one of those creatures that came to look us over." "So, they really exist!" I exclaimed. "They certainly do," he retorted. He said that ancient seers were damaged by their aberrant insistence on staying glued to their proce- dures, but that whatever they found was valid. They found out that the surest way to meet one of those creatures is through a body of water. The size of the body of water is not relevant; an ocean or a pond serves the same purpose. He had chosen a small stream because he hated to get wet. We could have gotten the same results in a lake or a large river. "The other life comes to find out what's going on when human beings call," he continued. "That Toltec technique is like a knock on their door. The old seers said the shiny surface on the bottom of the water served as a bait and a window. So humans and those creatures meet at a window." "Is that what happened to me there?" I asked. "The old seers would've said that you were being pulled by the power of the water and the power of the first level, plus the magnetic influence of the creature at the window." "But I heard a voice in my ear saying that I was dying," I said. "The voice was right. You were dying, and you would have if I hadn't been there. That is the danger of practicing the Toltecs' techniques. They are ex- tremely effective but most of the time they are deadly." I told him that I was ashamed to confess that I was terrified. Seeing that shape in the mirror and having the sensation of an enveloping force around me had proved too much for me the day before. "I don't want to alarm you," he said, "but nothing has happened to you yet. If what happened to me is going to be the guideline of what will happen to you, you'd better prepare yourself for the shock of your life. It's better to shake in your boots now than to die of fright tomorrow." My fear was so terrifying that I couldn't even voice the questions that came to my mind. I had a hard lime swallowing. Don Juan laughed until he was coughing. His face got purple. When I got my voice back, every one of my questions prompted another attack of coughing laughter. "You have no idea how funny this all is to me," he finally said. "I'm not laughing at you. It's just the situation. My benefactor made me go through the same motions, and looking at you I can't help seeing myself." I told him that I felt sick to my stomach. He said that that was fine, that it was natural to be scared, and that to control fear was wrong and senseless. The an- cient seers got trapped by suppressing their terror when they should have been scared out of their wits. Since they did not want to stop their pursuits or aban- don their comforting constructs they controlled their fear instead. "What else are we going to do with the mirror?" I asked. "That mirror is going to be used for a face-to-face meeting between you and that creature you only gazed at yesterday." "What happens in a face-to-face meeting?" "What happens is that one form of life, the human form, meets another form of life. The old seers said that in this case, it is a creature from the first level of the fluidity of water." He explained that the ancient seers surmised that the seven levels below ours were levels of the fluidity of water. For them a spring had untold significance, because they thought that in such a case the fluidity of water is reversed and goes from the depth to the sur- face. They took that to be the means whereby crea- tures from other levels, these other forms of life, come to our plane to peer at us, to observe us. "In this respect those old seers were not mistaken," he went on. "They hit the nail right on the head. Enti- ties that the new seers call allies do appear around waterholes." "Was the creature in the mirror an ally?" I asked. "Of course. But not one that can be utilized. The tradition of the allies, which I have acquainted you with in the past, comes directly from the ancient seers. They did wonders with allies, but nothing they did was worth anything when the real enemy came along: their fellow men." "Since those creatures are allies, they must be very dangerous," I said. "As dangerous as we men are, no more, no less." "Can they kill us?" "Not directly, but they certainly can frighten us to death. They can cross the boundaries themselves, or they can just come to the window. As you may have realized by now, the ancient Toltecs didn't stop at the window, either. They found weird ways to go beyond it." The second stage of the technique proceeded very much as had the first except that it took perhaps twice as long for me to relax and stop my internal turmoil. When that was done, the reflection of don Juan's face and mine became instantly clear. I gazed from his re- flection to mine for perhaps an hour. I expected the ally to appear any moment, but nothing happened. My neck hurt. My back was stiff and my legs were numb. I wanted to kneel on the rock to relieve the pain in my lower back. Don Juan whispered that the moment the ally showed its shape my discomfort would vanish. He was absolutely right. The shock of witnessing a round shape appear on the edge of the mirror dispelled every discomfort of mine. "What do we do now?" I whispered. "Relax and don't focus your gaze on anything, not even for an instant," he replied. "Watch everything that appears in the mirror. Gaze without staring." I obeyed him. I glanced at everything within the frame of the mirror. There was a peculiar buzzing in my ears. Don Juan whispered that I should move my eyes in a clockwise direction if I felt that I was being enveloped by an unusual force; but under no circum- stances, he stressed, should I lift my head to look at him. After a moment I noticed that the mirror was reflect- ing more than the reflection of our faces and the round shape. Its surface had become dark. Spots of an in- tense violet light appeared. They grew large. There were also spots of jet blackness. Then it turned into something like a flat picture of a cloudy sky at night, in the moonlight. Suddenly, the whole surface came into focus, as if it were a moving picture. The new sight was a three-dimensional, breathtaking view of the depths. I knew that it was absolutely impossible for me to fight off the tremendous attraction of that sight. It began to pull me in. Don Juan whispered forcefully that I should roll my eyes for dear life. The movement brought immediate relief. I could again distinguish our reflections and that of the ally. Then the ally disappeared and reappeared again on the other end of the mirror. Don Juan commanded me to grip the mirror with all my might. He warned me to be calm and not make any sudden movements. "What's going to happen?" I whispered. "The ally will try to come out," he replied. As soon as he had said that I felt a powerful tug. Something jerked my arms. The tug was from under- neath the mirror. It was like a suction force that cre- ated a uniform pressure all around the frame. "Hold the mirror tightly but don't break it," don Juan ordered. "Fight the suction. Don't let the ally sink the mirror too deep." The force pulling down on us was enormous. I felt that my fingers were going to break or be crushed against the rocks on the bottom. Don Juan and I both lost our balance at one point and had to step down from the flat rocks into the stream. The water was quite shallow, but the thrashing of the ally's force around the frame of the mirror was as frightening as if we had been in a large river. The water around our feet was being swirled around madly, but the images in the mirror were undisturbed. "Watch out!" don Juan yelled. "Here it comes!" The tugging changed into a thrust from underneath. Something was grabbing the edge of the mirror; not the outer edge of the frame where we were holding it, but from the inside of the glass. It was as if the glass surface were indeed an open window and something or somebody were just climbing through it. Don Juan and I fought desperately either to push the mirror down when it was being thrust up or pull it up when it was being tugged downward. In a stooped- over position we slowly moved downstream from the original spot. The water was deeper and the bottom was covered with slippery rocks. "Let's lift the mirror out of the water and shake him loose," don Juan said in a harsh voice. The loud thrashing continued unremittingly. It was as if we had caught an enormous fish with our bare hands and it was swimming around wildly. It occurred to me that the mirror was in essence a hatch. A strange shape was actually trying to climb up through it. It was leaning on the edge of the hatch with a mighty weight and was big enough to displace the reflection of don Juan's face and mine. I could not see us anymore. I could only distinguish a mass trying to push itself up. The mirror was not resting on the bottom anymore. My fingers were not compressed against the rocks. The mirror was in mid-depth, held by the opposing forces of the ally's tugs and ours. Don Juan said he was going to extend his hands underneath the mirror and that I should very quickly grab them in order to have a better leverage to lift the mirror with our fore- arms. When he let go it tilled to his side. I quickly reached for his hands but there was nothing under- neath. I vacillated a second too long and the mirror flew out of my hands. "Grab it! Grab it!" don Juan yelled. I caught the mirror just as it was going to land on the rocks. I lifted it out of the water, but not quickly enough. The water seemed to be like glue. As I pulled the mirror out, I also pulled a portion of a heavy rub- bery substance that simply pulled the mirror out of my hands and back into the water. Don Juan, displaying extraordinary nimbleness, caught the mirror and lifted it up edgewise without any difficulty. Never in my life had I had such an attack of melan- choly. It was a sadness that had no precise foundation; I associated it with the memory of the depths I had seen in the mirror. It was a mixture of pure longing for those depths plus an absolute fear of their chilling sol- itude. Don Juan remarked that in the life of warriors it was extremely natural to be sad for no overt reason. Seers say that the luminous egg, as a field of energy, senses its final destination whenever the boundaries of the known are broken. A mere glimpse of the eternity outside the cocoon is enough to disrupt the coziness of our inventory. The resulting melancholy is some- times so intense that it can bring about death. He said that the best way to get rid of melancholy is to make fun of it. He commented in a mocking tone that my first attention was doing everything to restore the order that had been disrupted by my contact with the ally. Since there was no way of restoring it by rational means, my first attention was doing it by fo- cusing all its power on sadness. I told him that the fact remained the melancholy was real. Indulging in it, moping around, being gloomy, were not part of the feeling of aloneness that I had felt upon remembering those depths. "Something is finally getting through to you," he said. "You're right. There is nothing more lonely than eternity. And nothing is more cozy for us than to be a human being. This indeed is another contradiction? how can man keep the bonds of his humanness and still venture gladly and purposefully into the absolute loneliness of eternity? Whenever you resolve this rid- dle, you'll be ready for the definitive journey." I knew then with total certainty the reason for my sadness. It was a recurrent feeling with me, one that I would always forget until I again realized the same thing: the puniness of humanity against the immensity of that thing-in-itself which I had seen reflected in the mirror. "Human beings are truly nothing, don Juan," I said. "I know exactly what you're thinking," he said. "Sure, we're nothing, but that's exactly what makes it the ultimate challenge, that we nothings could ac- tually face the loneliness of eternity." He abruptly changed the subject, leaving me with my mouth open, my next question unsaid. He began to discuss our bout with the ally. He said that first of all, the struggle with the ally had been no joke. It had not really been a matter of life or death, but it had not been a picnic either. "I chose that technique," he went on, "because my benefactor showed it to me. When I asked him to give me an example of the old seers' techniques, he nearly split a gut laughing; my request reminded him so much of his own experience. His benefactor, the nagual Elias, had also given him a harsh demonstration of the same technique." Don Juan said that as he had made the frame for his mirror out of wood, he should have asked me to do the same, but he wanted to know what would happen if the frame was sturdier than his or his benefactor's. Both of their frames broke, and both times the ally came out. He explained that during his own bout the ally ripped the frame apart. He and his benefactor were left holding two pieces of wood while the mirror sank and the ally climbed out of it. His benefactor knew what kind of trouble to expect. In the reflection of mirrors, allies are not really frightening because one sees only a shape, a mass of sorts. But when they are out, besides being truly fear- some-looking things, they are a pain in the neck. He remarked that once the allies get out of their level it is very difficult for them to go back. The same prevails for man. If seers venture into a level of those crea- tures, chances are they are never heard of again. "My mirror was shattered with the ally's force," he said. "There was no more window and the ally couldn't go back, so it came after me. It actually ran after me, rolling on itself. I scrambled on all fours at top speed, screaming with terror. I went up and down hills like a possessed man. The ally was inches away from me the whole time." Don Juan said that his benefactor ran after him, but he was too old and could not move fast enough; he had the good sense, however, to tell don Juan to back- track, and in that way was able to take measures to get rid of the ally. He shouted that he was going to build a fire and that don Juan should run in circles until everything was ready. He went ahead to gather dry branches while don Juan ran around a hill, driven mad with fear. Don Juan confessed that the thought had occurred to him, as he ran around in circles, that his benefactor was actually enjoying the whole thing. He knew that his benefactor was a warrior capable of finding delight in any conceivable situation. Why not also in this one? For a moment he got so angry at his benefactor that the ally stopped chasing him, and don Juan, in no uncertain terms, accused his benefactor of malice. His benefactor didn't answer, but made a gesture of gen- uine horror as he looked past don Juan at the ally, which was looming over the two of them. Don Juan forgot his anger and began running around in circles again. "My benefactor was indeed a devilish old man," don Juan said, laughing. "He had learned to laugh internally. It wouldn't show on his face, so he could pretend to be weeping or raging when he was really laughing. That day, as the ally chased me in circles, my benefactor stood there and defended himself from my accusations. I only heard bits of his long speech every time I ran by him. When he was through with that, I heard bits of another long explanation: that he had to gather a great deal of wood, that the ally was big, that the fire had to be as big as the ally itself, that the maneuver might not work. "Only my maddening fear kept me going. Finally he must have realized that I was about to drop dead from exhaustion; he built the fire and with the flames he shielded me from the ally." Don Juan said that they stayed by the fire for the entire night. The worst time for him was when his benefactor had to go away to look for more dry branches and left him alone. He was so afraid that he promised to God that he was going to leave the path of knowledge and become a farmer. "In the morning, after I had exhausted all my en- ergy, the ally managed to shove me into the fire, and I was badly burned," don Juan added. "What happened to the ally?" I asked. "My benefactor never told me what happened to it," he replied. "But I have the feeling that it is still running around aimlessly, trying to find its way back." "And what happened to your promise to God?" "My benefactor said not to worry, that it had been a good promise, but that I didn't know yet that there is no one to hear such promises, because there is no God. All there is is the Eagle's emanations, and there is no way to make promises to them." "What would have happened if the ally had caught you?" I asked. "I might have died of fright," he said. "If I had known what was entailed in being caught I would've let it catch me. At that time I was a reckless man. Once an ally catches you, you either have a heart attack and die or you wrestle with it. Then after a moment of thrashing around in sham ferocity, the al- ly's energy wanes. There is nothing that an ally can do to us, or vice versa. We are separated by an abyss. "The ancient seers believed that at the moment the ally's energy dwindles the ally surrenders its power to man. Power, my eye! The old seers had allies coming out of their ears and their allies' power didn't mean a thing." Don Juan explained that once again it had been up to the new seers to straighten out this confusion. They had found that the only thing that counts is impecca- bility, that is, freed energy. There were indeed some among the ancient seers who were saved by their al- lies, but that had had nothing to do with the allies' power to fend off anything; rather, it was the impec- cability of the men that had permitted them to use the energy of those other forms of life. The new seers also found out the most important thing yet about the allies: what makes them useless or usable to man. Useless allies, of which there are stag- gering numbers, are those that have emanations inside them for which we have no match inside ourselves. They are so different from us as to be thoroughly un- usable. Other allies, which are remarkably few in number, are akin to us, meaning that they possess occasional emanations that match ours. "How is that kind utilized by man?" I asked. "We should use another word instead of 'utilize, ' " he replied. "I'd say that what takes place between seers and allies of this kind is a fair exchange of en- ergy." "How does the exchange take place?" I asked. "Through their matching emanations," he said. "Those emanations are, naturally, on the left-side awareness of man; the side that the average man never uses. For this reason, allies are totally barred from the world of the right-side awareness, or the side of ratio- nality." He said that the matching emanations give both a common ground. Then, with familiarity, a deeper link is established, which allows both forms of life to profit. Seers seek the allies' ethereal quality; they make fabulous scouts and guardians. Allies seek the greater energy field of man, and with it they can even materialize themselves. He assured me that experienced seers play those shared emanations until they bring them into total focus; the exchange lakes place at that time. The an- cient seers did not understand this process, and they developed complex techniques of gazing in order to descend into the depths that I had seen in the mirror. "The old seers had a very elaborate tool to help them in their descent," he went on. "It was a rope of special twine that they tied around their waist. It had a soft butt soaked in resin which fitted into the navel itself, like a plug. The seers had an assistant or a num- ber of them who held them by the rope while they were lost in their gazing. Naturally, to gaze directly into the reflection of a deep, clear pond or lake is infinitely more overwhelming and dangerous than what we did with the mirror." "But did they actually descend bodily?" I asked. "You'd be surprised what men are capable of, es- pecially if they control awareness," he replied. "The old seers were aberrant. In their excursions to the depths they found marvels. It was routine for them to encounter allies. "Of course, by now you realize that to say the depths is a figure of speech. There are no depths, there is only the handling of awareness. Yet the old seers never made that realization." I told don Juan that from what he had said about his experience with the ally, plus my own subjective impression on feeling the ally's thrashing force in the water, I had concluded that allies are very aggressive. "Not really," he said. "It is not that they don't have enough energy to be aggressive, but rather that they have a different kind of energy. They are more like an electric current. Organic beings are more like heat waves." "But why did it chase you for such a long time?" I asked. "That's no mystery," he said. "They are attracted to emotions. Animal fear is what attracts them the most; it releases the kind of energy that suits them. The emanations inside them are rallied by animal fear. Since my fear was relentless the ally went after it, or rather, my fear hooked the ally and didn't let it go." He said that it was the old seers who found out that allies enjoy animal fear more than anything else. They even went to the extreme of purposely feeding it to their allies by actually scaring people to death. The old seers were convinced that the allies had human feelings, but the new seers saw it differently. They saw that allies are attracted to the energy released by emotions; love is equally effective, as well as hatred, or sadness. Don Juan added that if he had felt love for that ally, the ally would have come after him anyway, although the chase would have had a different mood. I asked him whether the ally would have stopped going after him if he had controlled his fear. He answered that controlling fear was a trick of the old seers. They learned to control it to the point of being able to parcel it out. They hooked their allies with their own fear and by gradually doling it out. like food, they actually held the allies in bondage. "Those old seers were terrifying men," don Juan continued. "I shouldn't use the past tense?they are terrifying even today. Their bid is to dominate, to mas- ter everybody and everything." "Even today, don Juan?" I asked, trying to get him to explain further. He changed the subject by commenting that I had missed the opportunity of being really scared beyond measure. He said that doubtless the way I had sealed the frame of the mirror with tar had prevented the water from seeping behind the glass. He counted that as the deciding factor that had kept the ally from smashing the mirror. "Too bad," he said. "You might even have liked that ally. By the way, it was not the same one that came the day before. The second one was perfectly akin to you." "Don't you have some allies yourself, don Juan?" I asked. "As you know, I have my benefactor's allies," he said. "I can't say that I have the same feeling for them that my benefactor did. He was a serene but thor- oughly passionate man, who lavishly gave away everything he possessed, including his energy. He loved his allies. To him it was no sweat to allow the allies to use his energy and materialize themselves. There was one in particular that could even take a grotesque human form." Don Juan went on to say that since he was not par- tial to allies, he had never given me a real taste of them, as his benefactor had done to him while he was still recovering from the wound in his chest. It all began with the thought that his benefactor was a strange man. Having barely escaped from the clutches of the petty tyrant, don Juan suspected that he had fallen into another trap. His intention was to wait a few days to get his strength back and then run away when the old man was not home. But the old man must have read his thoughts, because one day, in a confi- dential tone, he whispered to don Juan that he ought to get well as quickly as possible so that the two of them could escape from his captor and tormentor. Then, shaking with fear and impotence, the old man flung the door open and a monstrous fish-faced man came into the room, as if he had been listening behind the door. He was a grayish-green, had only one huge unblinking eye, and was as big as a door. Don Juan said that he was so surprised and terrified that he passed out, and it took him years to get out from under the spell of that fright. "Are your allies useful to you, don Juan?" I asked. "That's a very difficult thing to decide," he said. "In some way, I love the allies my benefactor gave me. They are capable of giving back inconceivable affection. But they are incomprehensible to me. They were given to me for companionship in case I am ever stranded alone in that immensity that is the Eagle's emanations." 7 The Assemblage Point Don Juan discontinued his explanation of the mastery of awareness for several months after my bout with the allies. One day he started it again. A strange event triggered it. Don Juan was in northern Mexico. It was late after- noon. I had just arrived at the house he kept there, and he immediately had me shift into heightened awareness. And I had instantly remembered that don Juan always came back to Sonora as means of re- newal. He had explained that a nagual, being a leader who has tremendous responsibilities, has to have a physical point of reference, a place where an amena- ble confluence of energies occurs. The Sonoran desert was such a place for him. On entering into heightened awareness, I had no- ticed that there was another person hiding in the semi- darkness inside the house. I asked don Juan if Genaro was with him. He replied that he was alone, that what I had noticed was one of his allies, the one that guarded the house. Don Juan then made a strange gesture. He con- torted his face as if he were surprised or terrified. And instantly the frightening shape of a strange man ap- peared at the door of the room where we were. The presence of the strange man scared me so much that I actually felt dizzy. And before I could recuperate from my fright, the man lurched at me with a chilling feroc- ity. As he grabbed my forearms, I felt ajolt of some- thing quite like a discharge of an electric current. I was speechless, caught in a terror I could not dis- pel. Don Juan was smiling at me. I mumbled and groaned, trying to voice a plea for help, while I felt an even greater jolt. The man tightened his grip and tried to throw me backward on the ground. Don Juan, with no hurry in his voice, urged me to pull myself together and not fight my fear, but roll with it. "Be afraid without being terrified," he said. Don Juan came to my side and, without intervening in my struggle, whispered in my ear that I should put all my concentration on the mid- point of my body. Over the years, he had insisted that I measure my body to the hundredth of an inch and establish its exact midpoint, lengthwise as well as in width. He had always said that such a point is a true center of energy in all of us. As soon as I had focused my attention on that mid- point, the man let go of me. At that instant I became aware that what I had thought was a human being was something that only looked like one. The moment it lost its human shape to me, the ally became an amor- phous blob of opaque light. It moved away. I went after it, moved by a great force that made me follow that opaque light. Don Juan stopped me. He gently walked me to the porch of his house and made me sit down on a sturdy crate he used as a bench. I was terribly disturbed by the experience, but even more disturbed by the fact that my paralyzing fear had disappeared so fast and so completely. I commented on my abrupt change of mood. Don Juan said that there was nothing strange about my volatile change, and that fear did not exist as soon as the glow of awareness moved beyond a certain thresh- old inside man's cocoon. He then began his explanation. He briefly outlined the truths about awareness he had discussed: that there is no objective world, but only a universe of energy fields which seers call the Eagle's emanations. That human beings are made of the Eagle's emana- tions and are in essence bubbles of luminescent en- ergy; each of us is wrapped in a cocoon that encloses a small portion of these emanations. That awareness is achieved by the constant pressure that the emana- tions outside our cocoons, which are called emana- tions at large, exert on those inside our cocoons. That awareness gives rise to perception, which happens when the emanations inside our cocoons align them- selves with the corresponding emanations at large. "The next truth is that perception takes place," he went on, "because there is in each of us an agent called the assemblage point that selects internal and external emanations for alignment. The particular alignment that we perceive as the world is the product of the specific spot where our assemblage point is lo- cated on our cocoon." He repeated this several times, allowing me time to grasp it. Then he said that in order to corroborate the truths about awareness, I needed energy. "I've mentioned to you," he continued, "that deal- ing with petty tyrants helps seers accomplish a sophis- ticated maneuver: that maneuver is to move their assemblage points." He said that for me to have perceived an ally meant that I had moved my assemblage point away from its customary position. In other words, my glow of awareness had moved beyond a certain threshold, also erasing my fear. And all this had happened because I had enough surplus energy. Later that night, after we had returned from a trip into the surrounding mountains, which had been part of his teachings for the right side, don Juan had me shift again into heightened awareness and then contin- ued his explanation. He told me that in order to dis- cuss the nature of the assemblage point, he had to start with a discussion of the first attention. He said that the new seers looked into the unnoticed ways in which the first attention functions, and as they tried to explain them to others, they devised an order for the truths about awareness. He assured me that not every seer is given to explaining. For instance, his benefactor, the nagual Julian, could not have cared less about explanations. But the nagual Julian's bene- factor, the nagual Elias, whom don Juan was fortunate enough to meet, did care. Between the nagual Elias's detailed, lengthy explanations, the nagual Julian's scanty ones, and his own personal seeing, don Juan came to understand and to corroborate those truths. Don Juan explained that in order for our first atten- tion to bring into focus the world that we perceive, it has to emphasize certain emanations selected from the narrow band of emanations where man's awareness is located. The discarded emanations are still within our reach but remain dormant, unknown to us for the du- ration of our lives. The new seers call the emphasized emanations the right side, normal awareness, the tonal, this world, the known, the first attention. The average man calls it reality, rationality, common sense. The emphasized emanations compose a large por- tion of man's band of awareness, but a very small piece of the total spectrum of emanations present in- side the cocoon of man. The disregarded emanations within man's band are thought of as a sort of preamble to the unknown, the unknown proper consisting of the bulk of emanations which are not part of the human band and which are never emphasized. Seers call them the left-side awareness, the nagual, the other world, the unknown, the second attention. "This process of emphasizing certain emanations," don Juan went on, "was discovered and practiced by the old seers. They realized that a nagual man or a nagual woman, by the fact that they have extra strength, can push the emphasis away from the usual emanations and make it shift to neighboring ones. That push is known as the nagual's blow." Don Juan said that the shift was utilized by the old seers in practical ways to keep their apprentices in bondage. With that blow they made their apprentices enter into a state of heightened, keenest, most impres- sionable awareness; while they were helplessly pli- able, the old seers taught them aberrant techniques that made the apprentices into sinister men, just like their teachers. The new seers employ the same technique, but in- stead of using it for sordid purposes, they use it to guide their apprentices to learn about man's possibili- ties. Don Juan explained that the nagual's blow has to be delivered on a precise spot, on the assemblage point, which varies minutely from person to person. Also, the blow has to be delivered by a nagual who sees. He assured me that it is equally useless to have the strength of a nagual and not see, as it is to see and not have the strength of a nagual, in either case the results are just blows. A seer could strike on the precise spot over and over without the strength to move aware- ness. and a non-seeing nagual would not be able to strike the precise spot. He also said that the old seers discovered that the assemblage point is not in the physical body, but in the luminous shell, in the cocoon itself. The nagual identifies that spot by its intense luminosity and pushes it, rather than striking it. The force of the push creates a dent in the cocoon and it is felt like a blow to the right shoulder blade, a blow that knocks all the air out of the lungs. "Are there different types of dents?" I asked. "There are only two types," he responded. "One is a concavity and the other is a crevice; each has a distinct effect. The concavity is a temporary feature and produces a temporary shift?but the crevice is a profound and permanent feature of the cocoon and produces a permanent shift." He explained that usually a luminous cocoon hardened by self-reflection is not affected at all by the nagual's blow. Sometimes, however, the cocoon of man is very pliable and the smallest force creates a bowl-like dent ranging in size from a small depression to one that is a third the size of the total cocoon; or it creates a crevice that may run across the width of the egglike shell, or along its length, making the cocoon look as if it has curled in on itself. Some luminous shells, after being dented, go back to their original shape instantly. Others remain dented for hours or even days at a time, but they revert back by themselves. Still others get a firm, impervious dent that requires another blow from the nagual on a bor- dering area to restore the original shape of the lumi- nous cocoon. And a few never lose their indentation once they get it. No matter how many blows they get from a nagual they never revert back to their egglike shapes. Don Juan further said that the dent acts on the first attention bydisplacing the glow of awareness. The dent presses the emanations inside the luminous shell, and the seers witness how the first attention shifts its emphasis under the force of that pressure. The dent, by displacing the Eagle's emanations inside the co- coon, makes the glow of awareness fall on other ema- nations from areas that are ordinarily inaccessible to the first attention. I asked him if the glow of awareness is seen only on the surface of the luminous cocoon. He did not answer me right away. He seemed to immerse himself in thought. After perhaps ten minutes he answered my question; he said that normally the glow of awareness is seen on the surface of the cocoon of all sentient beings. After man develops attention, however, the glow of awareness acquires depth. In other words, it is transmitted from the surface of the cocoon to quite a number of emanations inside the cocoon. "The old seers knew what they were doing when they handled awareness," he went on. "They realized that by creating a dent in the cocoon of man, they could force the glow of awareness, since it is already glowing on the emanations inside the cocoon, to spread to other neighboring ones." 'You make it all sound as if it's a physical affair," I said. "How can dents be made in something that is just aglow?" "In some inexplicable way, it is a matter of a glow that creates a dent in another glow," he replied. "Your flaw is to remain glued to the inventory of rea- son. Reason doesn't deal with man as energy. Reason deals with instruments that create energy, but it has never seriously occurred to reason that we are better than instruments: we are organisms that create en- ergy. We are a bubble of energy. It isn't farfetched, then, that a bubble of energy would make a dent in another bubble of energy." He said that the glow of awareness created by the dent should rightfully be called temporary heightened attention, because it emphasizes emanations that are so proximal to the habitual ones that the change is minimal, yet the shift produces a greater capacity to understand and to concentrate and, above all, a greater capacity to forget. Seers knew exactly how to use this upshift in the scale of quality. They saw that only the emanations surrounding those we use daily suddenly become bright after the nagual's blow. The more distant ones remain unmoved, which meant to them that while being in a state of heightened atten- tion, human beings could work as if they were in the world of everyday life. The need of a nagual man and a nagual woman became paramount to them, because that state lasts only for as long as the depression re- mains, after which the experiences are immediately forgotten. "Why does one have to forget?" I asked. "Because the emanations that account for greater clarity cease to be emphasized once warriors are out of heightened awareness," he replied. "Without that emphasis whatever they experience or witness van- ishes." Don Juan said that one of the tasks the new seers had devised for their students was to force them to remember, that is, to reemphasize by themselves, at a later time, those emanations used during states of heightened awareness. He reminded me that Genaro was always recom- mending to me that I learn to write with the tip of my finger instead of a pencil so as not to accumulate notes. Don Juan said that what Genaro had actually meant was that while I was in states of heightened awareness I should utilize some unused emanations for storage of dialogue and experience, and someday recall it all by reemphasizing the emanations that were used. He went on to explain that a state of heightened awareness is seen not only as a glow that goes deeper inside the egglike shape of human beings, but also as a more intense glow on the surface of the cocoon. Yet it is nothing in comparison to the glow produced by a state of total awareness, which is seen as a burst of incandescence in the entire luminous egg. It is an ex- plosion of light of such a magnitude that the bounda- ries of the shell are diffused and the inside emanations extend themselves beyond anything imaginable. "Are those special cases, don Juan?" "Certainly. They happen only to seers. No other men or any other living creatures brighten up like that. Seers who deliberately attain total awareness are a sight to behold. That is the moment when they burn from within. The fire from within consumes them. And in full awareness they fuse themselves to the emana- tions at large, and glide into eternity." After a few days in Sonora I drove don Juan back to the town in the southern part of Mexico where he and his party of warriors lived. The next day was hot and hazy. I felt lazy and some- how annoyed. In midafternoon, there was a most un- pleasant quietude in that town. Don Juan and I were sitting on the comfortable chairs in the big room. I told him that life in rural Mexico was not my cup of tea. I disliked the feeling I had that the silence of that town was forced. The only noise I ever heard was the sound of children's voices yelling in the distance. I was never able to find out whether they were playing or yelling in pain. "When you're here, you're always in a state of heightened awareness," don Juan said. "That makes a great difference. But no matter what, you should be getting used to living in a town like this. Someday you will live in one." "Why should I have to live in a town like this, don Juan?" "I've explained to you that the new seers aim to be free. And freedom has the most devastating implica- tions. Among them is the implication that warriors must purposely seek change. Your predilection is to live the way you do. You stimulate your reason by running through your inventory and pitting it against your friends' inventories. Those maneuvers leave you very little time to examine yourself and your fate. You will have to give up all that. Likewise, if all you knew were the dead calm of this town, you'd have to seek, sooner or later, the other side of the coin." "Is that what you're doing here, don Juan?" "Our case is a little bit different, because we are at the end of our trail. We are not seeking anything. What all of us do here is something comprehensible only to a warrior. We go from day to day doing noth- ing. We are waiting. I will not tire of repeating this: we know that we are waiting and we know what we are waiting for. We are waiting for freedom! "And now that you know that," he added with a grin, "let's get back to our discussion of awareness." Usually, when we were in that room we were never interrupted by anyone and don Juan would always de- cide on the length of our discussions. But this time there was a polite knock on the door and Genaro walked in and sat down. I had not seen Genaro since the day after we had run out of his house in a great hurry. I embraced him. "Genaro has something to tell you," don Juan said. "I've told you that he is the master of awareness. Now I can tell you what all that means. He can make the assemblage point move deeper into the luminous egg after that point has been jolted out of its position by the nagual's blow." He explained that Genaro had pushed my assem- blage point countless times after I had attained heightened awareness. The day we had gone to the gigantic flat rock to talk, Genaro had made my assem- blage point move dramatically into the left side?so dramatically, in fact, that it had been a bit dangerous. Don Juan stopped talking and seemed to be ready to give Genaro the spotlight. He nodded as if to signal Genaro to say something. Genaro stood up and came to my side. "Flame is very important," he said softly. "Do you remember that day when I made you look at the re- flection of the sunlight on a piece of quartz, when we were sitting on that big flat rock?" When Genaro mentioned it I remembered. On that day just after don Juan had stopped talking, Genaro had pointed to the refraction of light as it went through a piece of polished quartz that he had taken out of his pocket and placed on the flat rock. The shine of the quartz had immediately caught my attention. The next thing I knew, I was crouching on the flat rock as don Juan stood by with a worried look on his face. I was about to tell Genaro what I had remembered when he began to talk. He put his mouth to my ear and pointed to one of the two gasoline lamps in the room. "Look at the flame," he said. "There is no heat in it. It's pure flame. Pure flame can take you to the depths of the unknown." As he talked, I began to feel a strange pressure; it was a physical heaviness. My ears were buzzing; my eyes teared to the point that I could hardly make out the shape of the furniture. My vision seemed to be totally out of focus. Although my eyes were open, I could not see the intense light of the gasoline lamps. Everything around me was dark. There were streaks of chartreuse phosphorescence that illuminated dark, moving clouds. Then, as abruptly as it had faded away, my eyesight returned. I could not make out where I was. I seemed to be floating like a balloon. I was alone. I had a pang of terror, and my reason rushed in to construct an expla- nation that made sense to me at that moment: Genaro had hypnotized me, using the flame of the gasoline lamp. I felt almost satisfied. I quietly floated, trying not to worry; I thought that a way to avoid worrying was to concentrate on the stages that I would have to go through to wake up. The first thing I noticed was that I was not myself. I could not really look at anything because I had noth- ing to look with. When I tried to examine my body I realized that I could only be aware and yet it was as if I were looking down into infinite space. There were portentous clouds of brilliant light and masses of blackness; both were in motion. I clearly saw a ripple of amber glow that was coming at me, like an enor- mous, slow ocean wave. I knew then that I was like a buoy floating in space and that the wave was going to overtake me and carry me. I accepted it as unavoid- able. But just before it hit me something thoroughly unexpected happened?a wind blew me out of the wave's path. The force of that wind carried me with tremendous speed. I went through an immense tunnel of intense colored lights. My vision blurred completely and then I felt that I was waking up, that I had been having a dream, a hypnotic dream brought about by Genaro, in the next instant I was back in the room with don Juan and Genaro. I slept most of the following day. In the late after- noon, don Juan and I again sat down to talk. Genaro had been with me earlier but had refused to comment on my experience. "Genaro again pushed your assemblage point last night," don Juan said. "But perhaps the shove was too forceful." I eagerly told don Juan the content of my vision. He smiled, obviously bored. "Your assemblage point moved away from its nor- mal position," he said. "And that made you perceive emanations that are not ordinarily perceived. Sounds like nothing, doesn't it? And yet it is a supreme ac- complishment that the new seers strive to elucidate." He explained that human beings repeatedly choose the same emanations for perceiving because of two reasons. First, and most important, because we have been taught that those emanations are perceivable, and second because our assemblage points select and prepare those emanations for being used. "Every living being has an assemblage point," he went on, "which selects emanations for emphasis. Seers can see whether sentient beings share the same view of the world, by seeing if the emanations their assemblage points have selected are the same." He affirmed that one of the most important break- throughs for the new seers was to find that the spot where that point is located on the cocoon of all living creatures is not a permanent feature, but is established on that specific spot by habit. Hence the tremendous stress the new seers put on new actions, on new prac- ticalities. They want desperately to arrive at new usages, new habits. "The nagual's blow is of great importance," he went on, "because it makes that point move. It alters its location. Sometimes it even creates a permanent crevice there. The assemblage point is totally dis- lodged, and awareness changes dramatically. But what is a matter of even greater importance is the proper understanding of the truths about awareness in order to realize that that point can be moved from within. The unfortunate truth is that human beings always lose by default. They simply don't know about their possibilities." "How can one accomplish that change from within?" I asked. "The new seers say that realization is the tech- nique," he said. "They say that, first of all, one must become aware that the world we perceive is the result of our assemblage points' being located on a specific spot on the cocoon. Once that is understood, the as- semblage point can move almost at will, as a conse- quence of new habits." I did not quite understand what he meant by habits. I asked him to clarify his point. "The assemblage point of man appears around a definite area of the cocoon, because the Eagle com- mands it," he said. "But the precise spot is deter- mined by habit, by repetitious acts. First we learn that it can be placed there and then we ourselves command it to be there. Our command becomes the Eagle's command and that point is fixated at that spot. Con- sider this very carefully; our command becomes the Eagle's command. The old seers paid dearly for that finding. We'll come back to that later on." He stated once again that the old seers had concen- trated exclusively on developing thousands of the most complex techniques of sorcery. He added that what they never realized was that their intricate de- vices, as bizarre as they were, had no other value than being the means to break the fixation of their assem- blage points and make them move. I asked him to explain what he had said. "I've mentioned to you that sorcery is something like entering a dead-end street," he replied. "What I meant was that sorcery practices have no intrinsic value. Their worth is indirect, for their real function is to make the assemblage point shift by making the first attention release its control on that point. "The new seers realized the true role those sorcery practices played and decided to go directly into the process of making their assemblage points shift, avoiding all the other nonsense of rituals and incanta- tions. Yet rituals and incantations are indeed neces- sary at one time in every warrior's life. I personally have initiated you in all kinds of sorcery procedures, but only for purposes of luring your first attention away from the power of self-absorption, which keeps your assemblage point rigidly fixed." He added that the obsessive entanglement of the first attention in self-absorption or reason is a power- ful binding force, and that ritual behavior, because it is repetitive, forces the first attention to free some energy from watching the inventory, as a consequence of which the assemblage point loses its rigidity. "What happens to the persons whose assemblage points lose rigidity?" I asked. "If they're not warriors, they think they're losing their minds," he said, smiling. "Just as you thought you were going crazy at one time. If they're warriors, they know they've gone crazy, but they patiently wait. You see, to be healthy and sane means that the assem- blage point is immovable. When it shifts, it literally means that one is deranged." He said that two options are opened to warriors whose assemblage points have shifted. One is to ac- knowledge being ill and to behave in deranged ways, reacting emotionally to the strange worlds that their shifts force them to witness; the other is to remain impassive, untouched, knowing that the assemblage point always returns to its original position. "What if the assemblage point doesn't return to its original position?" I asked. "Then those people are lost," he said. "They are either incurably crazy, because their assemblage points could never assemble the world as we know it, or they are peerless seers who have begun their move- ment toward the unknown." "What determines whether it is one or the other?" "Energy! Impeccability! Impeccable warriors don't lose their marbles. They remain untouched. I've said to you many times that impeccable warriors may see horrifying worlds and yet the next moment they are telling a joke, laughing with their friends or with strangers." I said to him then what I had told him many times before, that what made me think I was ill was a series of disruptive sensorial experiences that I had had as aftereffects of ingesting hallucinogenic plants. I went through states of total space and time discordance, very annoying lapses of mental concentration, actual visions or hallucinations of places and people I would be staring at as if they really existed. I could not help thinking that I was losing my mind. "By all ordinary measures, you were indeed losing your mind," he said, "but in the seers' view, if you had lost it, you wouldn't have lost much. The mind, for a seer, is nothing but the self-reflection of the in- ventory of man. If you lose that self-reflection, but don't lose your underpinnings, you actually live an infinitely stronger life than if you had kept it." He remarked that my flaw was my emotional reac- tion, which prevented me from realizing that the odd- ity of my sensorial experiences was determined by the depth to which my assemblage point had moved into man's band of emanations. I told him that I couldn't understand what he was explaining because the configuration that he had called man's band of emanations was something incompre- hensible to me. I had pictured it to be like a ribbon placed on the surface of a ball. He said that calling it a band was misleading, and that he was going to use an analogy to illustrate what he meant. He explained that the luminous shape of man is like a ball of jack cheese with a thick disk of darker cheese injected into it. He looked at me and chuckled. He knew that I did not like cheese. He made a diagram on a small blackboard. He drew an egglike shape and divided it in four longitudinal sections, saying that he would immediately erase the division lines because he had drawn them only to give me an idea where the band was located in the cocoon of man. He then drew a thick band at the line between the first and second sections and erased the division lines. He explained that the band was like a disk of cheddar cheese that had been inserted into the ball of jack cheese. "Now if that ball of jack cheese were transparent," he went on, "you would have the perfect replica of man's cocoon. The cheddar cheese goes all the way inside the ball of jack cheese. It's a disk that goes from the surface on one side to the surface on the other side. "The assemblage point of man is located high up, three-fourths of the way toward the top of the egg on the surface of the cocoon. When a nagual presses on that point of intense luminosity, the point moves into the disk of the cheddar cheese. Heightened awareness comes about when the intense glow of the assemblage point lights up dormant emanations way inside the disk of cheddar cheese. To see the glow of the assem- blage point moving inside that disk gives the feeling that it is shifting toward the left on the surface of the cocoon." He repeated his analogy three or four times, but I did not understand it and he had to explain it further. He said that the transparency of the luminous egg cre- ates the impression of a movement toward the left, when in fact every movement of the assemblage point is in depth, into the center of the luminous egg along the thickness of man's band. I remarked that what he was saying made it sound as if seers would be using their eyes when they see the assemblage point move. "Man is not the unknowable," he said. "Man's lu- minosity can be seen almost as if one were using the eyes alone." He further explained that the old seers had seen the movement of the assemblage point but it never oc- curred to them that it was a movement in depth; in- stead they followed their seeing and coined the phrase "shift to the left," which the new seers retained al- though they knew that it was erroneous to call it a shift to the left. He also said that in the course of my activity with him he had made my assemblage point move countless times, as was the case at that very moment. Since the shift of the assemblage point was always in depth, I had never lost my sense of identity, in spite of the fact that I was always using emanations I had never used before. "When the nagual pushes that point," he went on, "the point ends up any which way along man's band, but it absolutely doesn't matter where, because wher- ever it ends up is always virgin ground. "The grand test that the new seers developed for their warrior-apprentices is to retrace the journey that their assemblage points took under the influence of the nagual. This retracing, when it is completed, is called regaining the totality of oneself." He went on to say that the contention of the new seers is that in the course of our growth, once the glow of awareness focuses on man's band of emanations and selects some of them for emphasis, it enters into a vicious circle. The more it emphasizes certain ema- nations, the more stable the assemblage point gets to be. This is equivalent to saying that our command becomes the Eagle's command. It goes without saying that when our awareness develops into first attention the command is so strong that to break that circle and make the assemblage point shift is a genuine triumph. Don Juan said that the assemblage point is also re- sponsible for making the first attention perceive in terms of clusters. An example of a cluster of emana- tions that receive emphasis together is the human body as we perceive it. Another part of our total being, our luminous cocoon, never receives emphasis and is relegated to oblivion; for the effect of the as- semblage point is not only to make us perceive clus- ters of emanations, but also to make us disregard emanations. When I pressed hard for an explanation of clustering he replied that the assemblage point radiates a glow that groups together bundles of encased emanations. These bundles then become aligned, as bundles, with the emanations at large. Clustering is carried out even when seers deal with the emanations that are never used. Whenever they are emphasized, we perceive them just as we perceive the clusters of the first atten- tion. "One of the greatest moments the new seers had," he continued, "was when they found out that the un- known is merely the emanations discarded by the first attention, it's a huge affair, but an affair, mind you, where clustering can be done. The unknowable, on the other hand, is an eternity where our assemblage point has no way of clustering anything." He explained that the assemblage point is like a luminous magnet that picks emanations and groups them together wherever it moves within the bounds of man's band of emanations. This discovery was the glory of the new seers, for it put the unknown in a new light. The new seers noticed that some of the obses- sive visions of seers, the ones that were almost impos- sible to conceive, coincided with a shift of the assemblage point to the region of man's band which is diametrically opposed to where it is ordinarily located. "Those were visions of the dark side of man," he asserted. "Why do you call it the dark side of man?" I asked. "Because it is somber and foreboding," he said. "It's not only the unknown, but the who-cares-to- know-it." "How about the emanations that are inside the co- coon but out of the bounds of man's band?" I asked. "Can they be perceived?" "Yes, but in really indescribable ways," he said. "They're not the human unknown, as is the case with the unused emanations in the band of man, but the nearly immeasurable unknown where human traits do not figure at all. It is really an area of such an over- powering vastness that the best of seers would be hard put to describe it." I insisted once more that it seemed to me that the mystery is obviously within us. "The mystery is outside us," he said, "Inside us we have only emanations trying to break the cocoon. And this fact aberrates us, one way or another, whether we're average men or warriors. Only the new seers get around this. They struggle to see. And by means of the shifts of their assemblage points, they get to realize that the mystery is perceiving. Not so much what we perceive, but what makes us perceive. "I've mentioned to you that the new seers believe that our senses are capable of detecting anything. They believe this because they see that the position of the assemblage point is what dictates what our senses perceive. "If the assemblage point aligns emanations inside the cocoon in a position different from its normal one the human senses perceive in inconceivable ways." 8 The Position of the Assemblage Point The next time don Juan resumed his explanation of the mastery of awareness we were again in his house in southern Mexico. That house was actually owned by all the members of the nagual's party, but Silvio Manuel officiated as the owner and everyone openly referred to it as Silvio Manuel's house, although I, for some inexplicable reason, had gotten used to calling it don Juan's house. Don Juan, Genaro, and I had returned to the house from a trip to the mountains. That day, as we relaxed after the long drive and ate a late lunch, I asked don Juan the reason for the curious deception. He assured me that no deception was involved, and that to call it Silvio Manuel's house was an exercise in the art of stalking to be performed by all the members of the nagual's party under any circumstances, even in the privacy of their own thoughts. For any of them to insist on thinking about the house in any other terms was tantamount to denying their links to the nagual's party. I protested that he had never told me that. I did not want to cause any dissension with my habits. "Don't worry about it," he said, smiling at me and patting my back. "You can call this house whatever you want. The nagual has authority. The nagual woman, for instance, calls it the house of shadows." Our conversation was interrupted, and I did not see him until he sent for me to come to the back patio a couple of hours later. He and Genaro were strolling around at the far end of the corridor; I could see them moving their hands in what seemed to be an animated conversation. It was a clear sunny day. The midafternoon sun shone directly on some of the flower pots that hung from the eaves of the roof around the corridor and projected their shadows on the north and east walls of the patio. The combination of intense yellow sunlight, the massive black shadows of the pots, and the lovely, delicate, bare shadows of the frail flowering plants that grew in them was stunning. Someone with a keen eye for balance and order had pruned those plants to cre- ate such an exquisite effect. "The nagual woman has done that," don Juan said as if reading my thoughts. "She gazes at these shad- ows in the afternoons." The thought of her gazing at shadows in the after- noons had a swift and devastating effect on me. The intense yellow light of that hour, the quietness of that town, and the affection that I felt for the nagual woman conjured up for me in one instant all the soli- tude of the warriors' endless path. Don Juan had defined the scope of that path when he said to me that the new seers are the warriors of total freedom, that their only search is the ultimate liberation that comes when they attain total aware- ness. I understood with unimpaired clarity, as I looked at those haunting shadows on the wall, what it meant to the nagual woman when she said that to read poems out loud was the only release that her spirit had. I remember that the day before she had read some- thing to me, there in the patio, but I had not quite understood her urgency, her longing. It was a poem by Juan Ramon Jimenez, "Hora Inmensa," which she told me synthesized for her the solitude of warriors who live to escape to total freedom. Only a bell and a bird break the stillness. . . It seems that the two talk with the setting sun. Golden colored silence, the afternoon is made of crystals. A roving purity sways the cool trees, and beyond all that, a transparent river dreams that trampling over pearls it breaks loose and flows into infinity. Don Juan and Genaro came to my side and looked at me with an expression of surprise. "What are we really doing, don Juan?" I asked. "Is it possible that warriors are only preparing themselves for death?" "No way," he said, gently patting my shoulder. "Warriors prepare themselves to be aware, and full awareness comes to them only when there is no more self-importance left in them. Only when they are noth- ing do they become everything." We were quiet for a moment. Then don Juan asked me if I was in the throes of self-pity. I did not answer because I was not sure. "You're not sorry that you're here, are you?" don Juan asked with a faint smile. "He's certainly not," Genaro assured him. Then he seemed to have a moment of doubt. He scratched his head, then looked at me and arched his brows. "Maybe you are," he said. "Are you?" "He's certainly not," don Juan assured Genaro this time. He went through the same gestures of scratching his head and arching his brows. "Maybe you are," he said. "Are you?" "He's certainly not!" Genaro boomed, and both of them exploded into uncontrolled laughter. When they had calmed down, don Juan said that self-importance is the motivating force for every at- tack of melancholy. He added that warriors are enti- tled to have profound states of sadness, but that sadness is there only to make them laugh. "Genaro has something to show you which is more exciting than all the self-pity you can muster up," don Juan continued, "it has to do with the position of the assemblage point." Genaro immediately began to walk around the cor- ridor, arching his back and lifting his thighs to his chest. "The nagual Julian showed him how to walk that way," don Juan said in a whisper, "it's called the gait of power. Genaro knows several gaits of power. Watch him fixedly." Genaro's movements were indeed mesmeric. I found myself following his gait, first with my eyes and then irresistibly with my feet. I imitated his gait. We walked once around the patio and stopped. While walking, I had noticed the extraordinary lu- cidity that each step brought to me. When we stopped, I was in a state of keen alertness. I could hear every sound; I could detect every change in the light or in the shadows around me. I became enthralled with a feeling of urgency, of impending action. I felt extraor- dinarily aggressive, muscular, daring. At that moment I saw an enormous span of flat land in front of me; right behind me I saw a forest. Huge trees were lined up as straight as a wall. The forest was dark and green; the plain was sunny and yellow. My breathing was deep and strangely accelerated, but not in an abnormal way. Yet it was the rhythm of my breathing that was forcing me to trot on the spot. I wanted to take off running, or rather my body wanted to, but just as I was taking off something stopped me. Don Juan and Genaro were suddenly by my side. We walked down the corridor with Genaro to my right. He nudged me with his shoulder. I felt the weight of his body on me. He gently shoved me to the left and we angled off straight for the east wall of the patio. For a moment I had the weird impression that we were going to go through the wall, and I even braced myself for the impact, but we stopped right in front of the wall. While my face was still against the wall, they both examined me with great care. I knew what they were searching for; they wanted to make sure that I had shifted my assemblage point. I knew that I had be- cause my mood had changed. They obviously knew it too. They gently took me by the arms and walked in silence with me to the other side of the corridor, to a dark passageway, a narrow hall that connected the patio with the rest of the house. We stopped there. Don Juan and Genaro moved a few feet away from me. I was left facing the side of the house that was in dark shadows. I looked into an empty dark room. I had a sense of physical weariness. I felt languid, indif- ferent, and yet I experienced a sense of spiritual strength. I realized then that I had lost something. There was no strength in my body. I could hardly stand. My legs finally gave in and I sat down and then I lay down on my side. While I lay there, I had the most wonderful, fulfilling thoughts of love for God, for goodness. Then all at once I was in front of the main altar of a church. The bas-reliefs covered with gold leaf glittered with the light of thousands of candles. I saw the dark figures of men and women carrying an enormous cru- cifix mounted on a huge palanquin. I moved out of their way and stepped outside the church. I saw a multitude of people, a sea of candles, coming toward me. I felt elated. I ran to join them. I was moved by profound love. I wanted to be with them, to pray to the Lord. I was only a few feet away from the mass of people when something swished me away. The next instant, I was with don Juan and Genaro. They flanked me as we walked lazily around the patio. While we were having lunch the next day, don Juan said that Genaro had pushed my assemblage point with his gait of power, and that he had been able to do that because I had been in a state of inner silence. He explained that the articulation point of everything seers do is something he had talked about since the day we met: stopping the internal dialogue. He stressed over and over that the internal dialogue is what keeps the assemblage point fixed to its original position. "Once silence is attained, everything is possible," he said. I told him I was very conscious of the fact that in general I had stopped talking to myself, but did not know how I had done it. If asked to explain the pro- cedure I would not know what to say. "The explanation is simplicity itself," he said. "You willed it, and thus you set a new intent, a new command. Then your command became the Eagle's command. "This is one of the most extraordinary things that the new seers found out: that our command can be- come the Eagle's command. The internal dialogue stops in the same way it begins: by an act of will. After all, we are forced to start talking to ourselves by those who teach us. As they teach us, they engage their will and we engage ours, both without knowing it. As we learn to talk to ourselves, we learn to handle will. We will ourselves to talk to ourselves. The way to stop talking to ourselves is to use exactly the same method: we must will it, we must inlend it." We were silent for a few minutes. I asked him to whom he was referring when he said that we had teachers who taught us to talk to ourselves. "I was talking about what happens to human beings when they are infants," he replied, "a time when they are taught by everyone around them to repeat an end- less dialogue about themselves. The dialogue becomes internalized, and that force alone keeps the assem- blage point fixed. "The new seers say that infants have hundreds of teachers who teach them exactly where to place their assemblage point." He said that seers see that infants have no fixed assemblage point at first. Their encased emanations are in a state of great turmoil, and their assemblage points shift everywhere in the band of man, giving children a great capacity to focus on emanations that later will be thoroughly disregarded. Then as they grow, the older humans around them, through their considerable power over them, force the children's assemblage points to become more steady by means of an increasingly complex internal dialogue. The in- ternal dialogue is a process that constantly strengthens the position of the assemblage point, because that po- sition is an arbitrary one and needs steady reinforce- ment. "The fact of the matter is that many children see," he went on. "Most of those who see are considered to be oddballs and every effort is made to correct them, to make them solidify the position of their assemblage points." "But would it be possible to encourage children to keep their assemblage points more fluid?" I asked. "Only if they live among the new seers," he said. "Otherwise they would get entrapped, as the old seers did, in the intricacies of the silent side of man. And, believe me, that's worse than being caught in the clutches of rationality." Don Juan went on to express his profound admira- tion for the human capacity to impart order to the chaos of the Eagle's emanations. He maintained that every one of us, in his own right, is a masterful magi- cian and that our magic is to keep our assemblage point unwaveringly fixed. "The force of the emanations at large," he went on, "makes our assemblage point select certain emana- tions and cluster them for alignment and perception. That's the command of the Eagle, but all the meaning that we give to what we perceive is our command, our gift of magic." He said that in the light of what he had explained, what Genaro had made me do the day before was something extraordinarily complex and yet very sim- ple. It was complex because it required a tremendous discipline on everybody's part; it required that the in- ternal dialogue be stopped, that a state of heightened awareness be reached, and that someone walk away with one's assemblage point. The explanation behind all these complex procedures was very simple; the new seers say that since the exact position of the as- semblage point is an arbitrary position chosen for us by our ancestors, it can move with a relatively small effort; once it moves, it forces new alignments of em- anations, thus new perceptions. "I used to give you power plants in order to make your assemblage point move," don Juan continued. "Power plants have that effect; but hunger, tiredness, fever, and other things like that can have a similar effect. The flaw of the average man is that he thinks the result of a shift is purely mental. It isn't, as you yourself can attest." He explained that my assemblage point had shifted scores of times in the past, just as it had shifted the day before, and that most of the time the worlds it had assembled had been so close to the world of everyday life as to be virtually phantom worlds. He emphati- cally added that visions of that kind are automatically rejected by the new seers. "Those visions are the product of man's inven- tory," he went on. "They are of no value for warriors in search of total freedom, because they are produced by a lateral shift of the assemblage point." He stopped talking and looked at me. I knew that by "lateral shift" he had meant a shift of the point from one side to the other along the width of man's band of emanations instead of a shift in depth. I asked him if I was right. "That's exactly what I meant," he said. "On both edges of man's band of emanations there is a strange storage of refuse, an incalculable pile of human junk. It's a very morbid, sinister storehouse. It had great value for the old seers but not for us. "One of the easiest things one can do is to fall into it. Yesterday Genaro and I wanted to give you a quick example of that lateral shift; that was why we walked your assemblage point, but any person can reach that storehouse by simply stopping his internal dialogue. If the shift is minimal, the results are explained as fan- tasies of the mind. If the shift is considerable, the results are called hallucinations." I asked him to explain the act of walking the assem- blage point. He said that once warriors have attained inner silence by stopping their internal dialogue, the sound of the gait of power, more than the sight of it, is what traps their assemblage points. The rhythm of muffled steps instantly catches the alignment force of the emanations inside the cocoon, which has been dis- connected by inner silence. "That force hooks itself immediately to the edges of the band," he went on. "On the right edge we find endless visions of physical activity, violence, killing, sensuality. On the left edge we find spirituality, reli- gion, God. Genaro and I walked your assemblage point to both edges, so as to give you a complete view of that human junk pile." Don Juan restated, as if on second thought, that one of the most mysterious aspects of the seers' knowl- edge is the incredible effects of inner silence. He said that once inner silence is attained, the bonds that tie the assemblage point to the particular spot where it is placed begin to break and the assemblage point is free to move. He said that the movement ordinarily is toward the left, that such a directional preference is a natural re- action of most human beings, but that there are seers who can direct that movement to positions below the customary spot where the point is located. The new seers call that shift "the shift below." "Seers also suffer accidental shifts below," he went on. "The assemblage point doesn't remain there long, and that's fortunate, because that is the place of the beast. To go below is counter to our interest, although the easiest thing to do." Don Juan also said that among the many errors of judgment the old seers had committed, one of the most grievous was moving their assemblage points to the immeasurable area below, which made them experts at adopting animal forms. They chose different ani- mals as their point of reference and called those ani- mals their nagual. They believed that by moving their assemblage points to specific spots they would acquire the characteristics of the animal of their choice, its strength or wisdom or cunning or agility or ferocity. Don Juan assured me that there are many dreadful examples of such practices even among the seers of our day. The relative facility with which the assem- blage point of man moves toward any lower position poses a great temptation to seers, especially to those whose inclination leans toward that end. It is the duty of a nagual, therefore, to test his warriors. He told me then that he had put me to the test by moving my assemblage point to a position below, while I was under the influence of a power plant. He then guided my assemblage point until I could isolate the crows' band of emanations, which resulted in my changing into a crow. I again asked don Juan the question I had asked him dozens of times. I wanted to know whether I had phys- ically turned into a crow or had merely thought and felt like one. He explained that a shift of the assem- blage point to the area below always results in a total transformation. He added that if the assemblage point moves beyond a crucial threshold, the world vanishes; it ceases to be what it is to us at man's level. He conceded that my transformation was indeed horrifying by any standards. My reaction to that ex- perience proved to him that I had no leanings toward that direction. Had it not been that way, I would have had to employ enormous energy in order to fight off a tendency to remain in that area below, which some seers find most comfortable. He further said that an unwitting downshift occurs periodically to every seer, but that such a downshift becomes less and less frequent as their assemblage points move farther toward the left. Every time it oc- curs, however, the power of a seer undergoing it di- minishes considerably. It is a drawback that takes time and great effort to correct. "Those lapses make seers extremely morose and narrow-minded," he continued, "and in certain cases, extremely rational." "How can seers avoid those downshifts?" I asked. "It all depends on the warrior," he said. "Some of them are naturally inclined to indulge in their quirks? yourself, for instance. They are the ones who are hard hit. For those like you, I recommend a twenty-four- hour vigil of everything they do. Disciplined men or women are less prone to that kind of shift; for those I would recommend a twenty-three-hour vigil." He looked at me with shiny eyes and laughed. "Female seers have downshifts more often than males," he said. "But they are also capable of bounc- ing out of that position with no effort at all. while males linger dangerously in it." He also said that women seers have an extraordi- nary capacity to make their assemblage points hold on to any position in the area below. Men cannot. Men have sobriety and purpose, but very little talent; that is the reason why a nagual must have eight women seers in his party. Women give the impulse to cross the immeasurable vastness of the unknown. Together with that natural capacity, or as a consequence of it, women have a most fierce intensity. They can, there- fore, reproduce an animal form with flare, ease, and a matchless ferocity. "If you think about scary things," he continued, "about something unnamable lurking in the darkness, you're thinking, without knowing it, about a woman seer holding a position in the immeasurable area below. True horror lies right there. If you ever find an aberrant woman seer, run for the hills!" I asked him whether other organisms were capable of shifting their assemblage points. "Their points can shift," he said, "but the shift is not a voluntary thing with them." "Is the assemblage point of other organisms also trained to appear where it does?" I asked. "Every newborn organism is trained, one way or another," he replied. "We may not understand how their training is done?after all, we don't even under- stand how it is done to us?but seers see that the newborn are coaxed to do what their kind does. That's exactly what happens to human infants: seers see their assemblage points shifting every which way and then they see how the presence of adults fastens each point to one spot. The same happens to every other organ- ism." Don Juan seemed to reflect for a moment and then added that there was indeed one unique effect that man's assemblage point has. He pointed to a tree out- side. "When we, as serious adult human beings, look at a tree," he said, "our assemblage points align an infi- nite number of emanations and achieve a miracle. Our assemblage points make us perceive a cluster of ema- nations that we call tree." He explained that the assemblage point not only effects the alignment needed for perception, but also obliterates the alignment of certain emanations in order to arrive at a greater refinement of perception, a skimming, a tricky human construct with no parallel. He said that the new seers had observed that only human beings were capable of further clustering the clusters of emanations. He used the Spanish word for skimming, desnate, to describe the act of collecting the most palatable cream off the top of a container of boiled milk after it cools. Likewise, in terms of per- ception, man's assemblage point takes some part of the emanations already selected for alignment and makes a more palatable construct with it. "The skimmings of men," don Juan continued, "are more real than what other creatures perceive. That is our pitfall. They are so real to us that we forget we have constructed them by commanding our assem- blage points to appear where they do. We forget they are real to us only because it is our command to per- ceive them as real. We have the power to skim the top off the alignments, but we don't have the power to protect ourselves from our own commands. That has to be learned. To give our skimmings a free hand, as we do, is an error of judgment for which we pay as dearly as the old seers paid for theirs." 9 The Shift Below Don Juan and Genaro made their yearly trip to the northern part of Mexico, to the Sonoran desert, to look for medicinal plants. One of the seers of the na- gual's party, Vicente Medrano, the herbalist among them, used those plants to make medicines. I had joined don Juan and Genaro in Sonora, at the last stage of their journey, just in time to drive them south, back to their home. The day before we started on our drive, don Juan abruptly continued his explanation of the mastery of awareness. We were resting in the shade of some tall bushes in the foothills of the mountains. It was late afternoon, almost dark. Each of us carried a large bur- lap sack filled with plants. As soon as we had put them down, Genaro lay down on the ground and fell asleep, using his folded jacket as a pillow. Don Juan spoke to me in a low voice, as if he didn't want to wake up Genaro. He said that by now he had explained most of the truths about awareness, and that there was only one truth left to discuss. The last truth, he assured me, was the best of the old seers' findings, although they never knew that themselves. Its tremen- dous value was only recognized, ages later, by the new seers. "I've explained to you that man has an assemblage point," he went on, "and that that assemblage point aligns emanations for perception. We've also dis- cussed that that point moves from its fixed position. Now, the last truth is that once that assemblage point moves beyond a certain limit, it can assemble worlds entirely different from the world we know." Still in a whisper, he said that certain geographical areas not only help that precarious movement of the assemblage point, but also select specific directions for that movement. For instance, the Sonoran desert helps the assemblage point move downward from its customary position, to the place of the beast. "That's why there are true sorcerers in Sonora," he continued. "Especially sorceresses. You already know one, la Catalina. In the past, I have arranged bouts between the two of you. I wanted to make your assemblage point shift, and la Catalina, with her sor- cery antics, jolted it loose." Don Juan explained that the chilling experiences I had had with la Catalina had been part of a prear- ranged agreement between the two of them. "What would you think if we invited her to join us?" Genaro asked me in a loud voice, as he sat up. The abruptness of his question and the strange sound of his voice plunged me into instant terror. Don Juan laughed and shook me by the arms. He assured me that there was no need for alarm. He said that la Catalina was like a cousin or an aunt to us. She was part of our world, although she did not quite fol- low our quests. She was infinitely closer to the ancient seers. Genaro smiled and winked at me. "I understand that you've got hot pants for her," he said to me. "She herself confessed to me that every time you have had a confrontation with her, the greater your fright, the hotter your pants." Don Juan and Genaro laughed to near hysteria. I had to admit that somehow I had always found la Catalina to be a very scary but at the same time an extremely appealing woman. What impressed me the most about her was her exuding energy. "She has so much energy saved," don Juan com- mented, "that you didn't have to be in heightened awareness for her to move your assemblage point all the way to the depths of the left side." Don Juan said again that la Catalina was very closely related to us, because she belonged to the na- gual Julian's party. He explained that usually the na- gual and all the members of his party leave the world together, but that there are instances when they leave either in smaller groups or one by one. The nagual Julian and his party were an example of the latter. Although he had left the world nearly forty years ago, la Catalina was still here. He reminded me about something he mentioned to me before, that the nagual Julian's party consisted of a group of three thoroughly inconsequential men and eight superb women. Don Juan had always maintained that such a disparity was one of the reasons why the members of the nagual Julian's party left the world one by one. He said that la Catalina had been attached to one of the superb women seers of the nagual Julian's party, who taught her extraordinary maneuvers to shift her assemblage point to the area below. That seer was one of the last to leave the world. She lived to an ex- tremely old age, and since both she and la Catalina were originally from Sonora, they returned, in her ad- vanced years, to the desert and lived together until the seer left the world. In the years they spent together, la Catalina became her most dedicated helper and dis- ciple, a disciple who was willing to learn the extrava- gant ways the old seers knew to make the assemblage point shift. I asked don Juan if la Catalina's knowledge was inherently different from his own. "We are exactly the same," he replied. "She's more like Silvio Manuel or Genaro; she is really the female version of them, but, of course, being a woman she's infinitely more aggressive and dangerous than both of them." Genaro assented with a nod of his head. "Infinitely more," he said and winked again. "Is she attached to your party?" I asked don Juan. "I said that she's like a cousin or an aunt to us," he replied. "I meant she belongs to the older generation, although she's younger than all of us. She is the last of that group. She is rarely in contact with us. She doesn't quite like us. We are too stiff for her, because she's used to the nagual Julian's touch. She prefers the high adventure of the unknown to the quest for freedom." "What is the difference between the two?" I asked don Juan. "In the last part of my explanation of the truths about awareness," he replied, "we are going to dis- cuss that difference slowly and thoroughly. What's important for you to know. at this moment, is that you're jealously guarding weird secrets in your left- side awareness; that is why la Catalina and you like each other." I insisted again that it was not that I liked her, it was rather that I admired her great strength. Don Juan and Genaro laughed and patted me as if they knew something I did not. "She likes you because she knows what you're like," Genaro said and smacked his lips. "She knew the nagual Julian very well." Both of them gave me a long look that made me feel embarrassed. "What are you driving at?" I asked Genaro in a belligerent tone. He grinned at me and moved his eyebrows up and down in a comical gesture. But he kept quiet. Don Juan spoke and broke the silence. "There are very strange points in common between the nagual Julian and you," he said. "Genaro is just trying to figure out if you're aware of it." I asked both of them how on earth I would be aware of something so farfetched. "La Catalina thinks you are," Genaro said. "She says so because she knew the nagual Julian better than any of us here." I commented that I couldn't believe that she knew the nagual Julian, since he had left the world nearly forty years ago. "La Catalina is no spring chicken," Genaro said. "She just looks young; that's part of her knowledge. Just as it was part of the nagual Julian's knowledge. You've seen her only when she looks young. If you see her when she looks old, she'll scare the living daylights out of you." "What la Catalina does," don Juan interrupted, "can be explained only in terms of the three master- ies: the mastery of awareness, the mastery of stalking, and the mastery of intent. "But today, we are going to examine what she does only in light of the last truth about awareness: the truth that says that the assemblage point can assemble worlds different from our own after it moves from its original position." Don Juan signaled me to get up. Genaro also stood up. I automatically grabbed the burlap sack filled with medicinal plants. Genaro stopped me as I was about to put it on my shoulders. "Leave the sack alone," he said, smiling. "We have to take a little hike up the hill and meet la Cata- lina." "Where is she?" I asked. "Up there," Genaro said, pointing to the top of a small hill. "If you stare with your eyes half-closed, you'll see her as a very dark spot against the green shrubbery." I strained to see the dark spot, but I couldn't see anything. "Why don't you walk up there?" don Juan sug- gested to me. I felt dizzy and sick to my stomach. Don Juan urged me with a movement of his hand to go up, but I didn't dare move. Finally, Genaro took me by the arm and both of us climbed toward the top of the hill. When we got there, I realized that don Juan had come up right behind us. The three of us reached the top at the same time. Don Juan very calmly began to talk to Genaro. He asked him if he remembered the many times the na- gual Julian was about to choke both of them to death, because they indulged in their fears. Genaro turned to me and assured me that the nagual Julian had been a ruthless teacher. He and his own teacher, the nagual Elias, who was still in the world then, used to push everyone's assemblage points be- yond a crucial limit and let them fend for themselves. "I once told you that the nagual Julian recom- mended us not to waste our sexual energy," Genaro went on. "He meant that for the assemblage point to shift, one needs energy. If one doesn't have it, the nagual's blow is not the blow of freedom, but the blow of death." "Without enough energy," don Juan said, "the force of alignment is crushing. You have to have en- ergy to sustain the pressure of alignments which never take place under ordinary circumstances." Genaro said that the nagual Julian was an inspiring teacher. He always found ways to teach and at the same time entertain himself. One of his favorite teach- ing devices was to catch them unawares once or twice, in their normal awareness, and make their assemblage points shift. From then on, all he had to do to have their undivided attention was to threaten them with an unexpected nagual's blow. "The nagual Julian was really an unforgettable man," don Juan said. "He had a great touch with people. He would do the worst things in the world, but done by him they were great. Done by anyone else, they would have been crude and callous. "The nagual Ellas, on the other hand, had no touch, but he was indeed a great, great teacher." "The nagual Elias was very much like the nagual Juan Matus," Genaro said to me. "They got along very fine. And the nagual Elias taught him everything without ever raising his voice, or playing tricks on him. "But the nagual Julian was quite different," Genaro went on, giving me a friendly shove. "I'd say that he jealously guarded strange secrets in his left side, just like you. Wouldn't you say so?" he asked don Juan. Don Juan did not answer, but nodded affirmatively. He seemed to be holding back his laughter. "He had a playful nature," don Juan said, and both of them broke into a great laughter. The fact that they were obviously alluding to some- thing they knew made me feel even more threatened. Don Juan matter-of-factly said that they were refer- ring to the bizarre sorcery techniques that the nagual Julian had learned in the course of his life. Genaro added that the nagual Julian had a unique teacher be- sides the nagual Elias. A teacher who had liked him immensely and had taught him novel and complex ways of moving his assemblage point. As a result of this, the nagual Julian was extraordinarily eccentric in his behavior. "Who was that teacher, don Juan?" I asked. Don Juan and Genaro looked at each other and gig- gled like two children. "That is a very tough question to answer," don Juan replied. "All I can say is that he was the teacher that deviated the course of our line. He taught us many things, good and bad, but among the worst, he taught us what the old seers did. So, some of us got trapped. The nagual Julian was one of them, and so is la Catalina. We only hope that you won't follow them." I immediately began to protest. Don Juan inter- rupted me. He said that I did not know what I was protesting. As don Juan spoke, I became terribly angry with him and Genaro. Suddenly, I was raging, yelling at them at the top of my voice. My reaction was so out of tone with me that it scared me. It was as if I were someone else. I stopped and looked at them for help. Genaro had his hands on don Juan's shoulders as if he needed support. Both of them were laughing un- controllably. I became so despondent I was nearly in tears. Don Juan came to my side. He reassuringly put his hand on my shoulder. He said that the Sonoran desert, for reasons incomprehensible to him, fostered definite belligerence in man or any other organism. "People may say that it's because the air is too dry here," he continued, "or because it's too hot. Seers would say that there is a particular confluence of the Eagle's emanations here, which, as I've already said, helps the assemblage point to shift below. "Be that as it may, warriors are in the world to train themselves to be unbiased witnesses, so as to under- stand the mystery of ourselves and relish the exulta- tion of finding what we really are. This is the highest of the new seers' goals. And not every warrior attains it. We believe that the nagual Julian didn't attain it. He was waylaid, and so was la Catalina." He further said that to be a peerless nagual, one has to love freedom, and one has to have supreme detach- ment. He explained that what makes the warrior's path so very dangerous is that it is the opposite of the life situation of modern man. He said that modern man has left the realm of the unknown and the mysterious, and has settled down in the realm of the functional. He has turned his back to the world of the foreboding and the exulting and has welcomed the world of bore- dom. "To be given a chance to go back again to the mys- tery of the world," don Juan continued, "is sometimes too much for warriors, and they succumb; they are waylaid by what I've called the high adventure of the unknown. They forget the quest for freedom; they for- get to be unbiased witnesses. They sink into the un- known and love it." "And you think i'm like that, don't you?" I asked don Juan. "We don't think, we know," Genaro replied. "And la Catalina knows better than anyone else." "Why would she know it?" I demanded. "Because she's like you," Genaro replied, pro- nouncing his words with a comical intonation. I was about to get into a heated argument again when don Juan interrupted me. "There's no need to get so worked up," he said to me. "You are what you are. The fight for freedom is harder for some. You are one of them. "In order to be unbiased witnesses," he went on, "we begin by understanding that the fixation or the movement of the assemblage point is all there is to us and the world we witness, whatever that world might be. "The new seers say that when we were taught to talk to ourselves, we were taught the means to dull ourselves in order to keep the assemblage point fixed on one spot." Genaro clapped his hands noisily and let out a pierc- ing whistle that imitated the whistle of a football coach. "Let's get that assemblage point moving!" he yelled. "Up, up, up! Move, move, move!" We were all still laughing when the bushes by my right side were suddenly stirred. Don Juan and Genaro immediately sat down with the left leg tucked under the seat. The right leg, with the knee up, was like a shield in front of them. Don Juan signaled me to do the same. He raised his brows and made a gesture of resignation at the corner of his mouth. "Sorcerers have their own quirks," he said in a whisper. "When the assemblage point moves to the regions below its normal position, the vision of sorcer- ers becomes limited. If they see you standing, they'll attack you." "The nagual Julian kept me once for two days in this warrior's position," Genaro whispered to me. "I even had to urinate while I sat in this position." "And defecate," don Juan added. "Right," Genaro said. And then he whispered to me, as if on second thought, "I hope you did your kaka earlier. If your bowels aren't empty when la Cat- alina shows up, you'll shit in your pants, unless I show you how to take them off. If you have to shit in this position, you've got to get your pants off." He began to show me how to maneuver out of my trousers. He did it in a most serious and concerned manner. All my concentration was focused on his movements. It was only when I had gotten out of my pants that I became aware that don Juan was roaring with laughter. I realized that Genaro was again poking fun at me. I was about to stand up to put on my pants, when don Juan stopped me. He was laughing so hard that he could hardly articulate his words. He told me to stay put, that Genaro did things only half in fun, and that la Catalina was really there behind the bushes. His tone of urgency, in the midst of laughter, got to me. I froze on the spot. A moment later a rustle in the bushes sent me into such a panic that I forgot about my pants. I looked at Genaro. He was again wearing his pants. He shrugged his shoulders. "I'm sorry," he whispered. "I didn't have time to show you how to put them back on without getting up." I did not have time to get angry or to join them in their mirth. Suddenly, right in front of me, the bushes separated and a most horrendous creature came out. It was so outlandish I was no longer afraid. I was spellbound. Whatever was in front of me was not a human being; it was something not even remotely re- sembling one. It was more like a reptile. Or a bulky grotesque insect. Or even a hairy, ultimately repulsive bird. Its body was dark and had coarse reddish hair. I could not see any legs, just the ugly enormous head. The nose was flat and the nostrils were two enormous lateral holes. It had something like a beak with teeth. Horrifying as that thing was, its eyes were magnifi- cent. They were like two mesmeric pools of inconceiv- able clarity. They had knowledge. They were not human eyes, or bird eyes, or any kind of eyes I had ever seen. The creature moved toward my left, rustling the bushes. As I moved my head to follow it, I noticed that don Juan and Genaro seemed to be as spellbound by its presence as I was. It occurred to me that they had never seen anything like that either. In an instant, the creature had moved completely out of sight. But a moment later there was a growl and its gigantic shape again loomed in front of us. I was fascinated and at the same time worried by the fact that I was not in the least afraid of that gro- tesque creature. It was as if my early panic had been experienced by someone else. I felt, at one moment, that I was beginning to stand up. Against my volition, my legs straightened up and I found myself standing up, facing the creature. I vaguely felt that I was taking off my jacket, my shirt, and my shoes. Then I was naked. The muscles of my legs tensed with a tremendously powerful contraction. I jumped up and down with colossal agility, and then the creature and I raced toward some ineffable green- ness in the distance. The creature raced ahead of me, coiling on itself, like a serpent. But then I caught up with it. As we speeded together, I became aware of something I al- ready knew?the creature was really la Catalina. All of a sudden, la Catalina, in the flesh, was next to me. We moved effortlessly. It was as if we were station- ary, only posed in a bodily gesture of movement and speed, while the scenery around us was being moved, giving the impression of enormous acceleration. Our racing stopped as suddenly as it had started, and then I was alone with la Catalina in a different world. There was not a single recognizable feature in it. There was an intense glare and heat coming from what seemed to be the ground, a ground covered with huge rocks. Or at least they seemed to be rocks. They had the color of sandstone, but they had no weight; they were like chunks of sponge tissue. I could send them hurling around by only leaning on them. I became so fascinated with my strength that I was oblivious to anything else. I had assessed, in whatever way, that the chunks of seemingly weightless material opposed resistance to me. It was my superior strength that sent them hurling around. I tried to grab them with my hands, and I realized that my entire body had changed. La Catalina was looking at me. She was again the grotesque creature she had been before, and so was I. I could not see myself, but I knew that both of us were exactly alike. An indescribable joy possessed me, as if joy were some force that came from outside me. La Catalina and I cavorted, and twisted, and played until I had no more thoughts, or feelings, or human awareness in any degree. Yet, I was definitely aware. My awareness was a vague knowledge that gave me confidence; it was a limitless trust, a physical certainty of my exis- tence, not in the sense of a human feeling of individ- uality, but in the sense of a presence that was everything. Then, everything came again into human focus all at once. La Catalina was holding my hand. We were walking on the desert floor among the desert shrubs. I had the immediate and painful realization that the des- ert rocks and hard clumps of dirt were horribly inju- rious to my bare feet. We came to a spot clear of vegetation. Don Juan and Genaro were there. I sat down and put on my clothes. My experience with la Catalina delayed our trip back to the south of Mexico. It had unhinged me in some indescribable way. In my normal state of aware- ness, I became disassociated. It was as if I had lost a point of reference. I had become despondent. I told don Juan that I had even lost my desire to live. We were sitting around in the ramada of don Juan's house. My car was loaded with sacks and we were ready to leave, but my feeling of despair got the best of me and I began to weep. Don Juan and Genaro laughed until their eyes were tearing. The more desperate I felt, the greater was their enjoyment. Finally, don Juan had me shift into heightened awareness and explained that their laugh- ter was not unkindness on their part, or the result of a weird sense of humor, but the genuine expression of happiness at seeing me advance in the path of knowl- edge. "I'll tell you what the nagual Julian used to say to us when we got to where you are," don Juan went on. "That way, you'll know that you're not alone. What's happening to you happens to anyone who stores enough energy to catch a glimpse of the unknown." He said that the nagual Julian used to tell them that they had been evicted from the homes where they had lived all their lives. A result of having saved energy had been the disruption of their cozy but utterly limit- ing and boring nest in the world of everyday life. Their depression, the nagual Julian told them, was not so much the sadness of having lost their nest, but the annoyance of having to look for new quarters. "The new quarters," don Juan went on, "are not as cozy. But they are infinitely more roomy. "Your eviction notice came in the form of a great depression, a loss of the desire to live, just as it hap- pened to us. When you told us that you didn't want to live, we couldn't help laughing." "What's going to happen to me now?" I asked. "Using the vernacular, you got to get another pad," don Juan replied. Don Juan and Genaro again entered into a state of great euphoria. Every one of their statements and re- marks made them laugh hysterically. "It's all very simple," don Juan said. "Your new level of energy will create a new spot to house your assemblage point. And the warriors' dialogue you carry on with us every time we get together will solid- ify that new position." Genaro adopted a serious look and in a booming voice he asked me, "Did you shit today?" He urged me with a movement of his head to an- swer. "Did you, did you?" he demanded. "Let's get going with our warriors' dialogue." When their laughter had subsided, Genaro said that I had to be aware of a drawback, the fact that from time to time the assemblage point returns to its origi- nal position. He told me that in his own case, the normal position of his assemblage point had forced him to see people as threatening and often terrifying beings. To his utter amazement, one day he realized that he had changed. He was considerably more dar- ing and had successfully dealt with a situation that would have ordinarily thrown him into chaos and fear. "I found myself making love," Genaro continued, and he winked at me. "Usually I was afraid to death of women. But one day I found myself in bed with a most ferocious woman, it was so unlike me that when I realized what I was doing I nearly had a heart attack. The jolt made my assemblage point return to its mis- erable normal position and I had to run out of the house, shaking like a scared rabbit. "You'd better watch out for the recoil of the assem- blage point," Genaro added, and they were laughing again. "The position of the assemblage point on man's co- coon," don Juan explained, "is maintained by the in- ternal dialogue, and because of that, it is a flimsy position at best. That's why men and women lose their minds so easily, especially those whose internal dia- logue is repetitious, boring, and without any depth. "The new seers say that the more resilient human beings are those whose internal dialogue is more fluid and varied." He said that the position of the warrior's assem- blage point is infinitely stronger, because as soon as the assemblage point begins to move in the cocoon, it creates a dimple in the luminosity, a dimple that houses the assemblage point from then on. "That's the reason why we can't say that warriors lose their minds," don Juan went on. "If they lose anything, they lose their dimple." Don Juan and Genaro found that statement so hilar- ious that they rolled on the floor laughing. I asked don Juan to explain my experience with la Catalina. And both of them again howled with laugh- ter. "Women are definitely more bizarre than men," don Juan finally said. "The fact that they have an extra opening between their legs makes them fall prey to strange influences. Strange, powerful forces pos- sess them through that opening. That's the only way I can understand their quirks." He kept silent for a while, and I asked what he meant by that. "La Catalina came to us as a giant worm," he re- plied. Don Juan's expression when he said that, and Ge- naro's explosion of laughter, took me into sheer mirth. I laughed until I was nearly sick. Don Juan said that la Catalina's skill was so extraor- dinary that she could do anything she wanted in the realm of the beast. Her unparalleled display had been motivated by her affinity with me. The final result of all that, he said, was that la Catalina pulled my assem- blage point with her. "What did you two do as worms?" Genaro asked and slapped me on the back. Don Juan seemed to be close to choking with laugh- ter. "That's why I've said that women are more bizarre than men," he commented at last. "I don't agree with you," Genaro said to don Juan. "The nagual Julian didn't have an extra hole between his legs and he was more weird than la Catalina. I believe she learned the worm bit from him. He used to do that to her." Don Juan jumped up and down, like a child who is trying to keep from wetting his pants. When he had regained a measure of calm, don Juan said that the nagual Julian had a knack for creating and exploiting the most bizarre situations. He also said that la Catalina had given me a superb example of the shift below. She had let me see her as the being whose form she had adopted by moving her assem- blage point, and she had then helped me move mine to the same position that gave her her monstrous appear- ance. "The other teacher that the nagual Julian had," don Juan went on, "taught him how to get to specific spots in that immensity of the area below. None of us could follow him there, but all the members of his party did, especially la Catalina and the woman seer who taught her." Don Juan further said that a shift below entailed a view, not of another world proper, but of our same world of everyday life seen from a different perspec- tive. He added that in order for me to see another world I had to perceive another great band of the Ea- gle's emanations. He then brought his explanation to an end. He said that he had no time to elaborate on the subject of the great bands of emanations, because we had to be on our way. I wanted to stay a bit longer and keep on talking, but he argued that he would need a good deal of time to explain that topic and I would need fresh concentration. 10 Great Bands of Emanations Days later, in his house in southern Mexico, don Juan continued with his explanation. He took me to the big room. It was early evening. The room was in dark- ness. I wanted to light the gasoline lanterns, but don Juan would not let me. He said that I had to let the sound of his voice move my assemblage point so that it would glow on the emanations of total concentration and total recall. He then told me that we were going to talk about the great bands of emanations. He called it another key discovery that the old seers made, but that, in their aberration, they relegated to oblivion until it was rescued by the new seers. "The Eagle's emanations are always grouped in clusters," he went on. "The old seers called those clusters the great bands of emanations. They aren't really bands, but the name stuck. "For instance, there is an immeasurable cluster that produces organic beings. The emanations of that or- ganic band have a sort of fluffiness. They are transpar- ent and have a unique light of their own, a peculiar energy. They are aware, they jump. That's the reason why all organic beings are filled with a peculiar con- suming energy. The other bands are darker, less fluffy. Some of them have no light at all, but a quality of opaqueness." "Do you mean, don Juan, that all organic beings have the same kind of emanations inside their co- coons?" I asked. "No. I don't mean that. It isn't really that simple, although organic beings belong to the same great band. Think of it as an enormously wide band of lu- minous filaments, luminous strings with no end. Or- ganic beings are bubbles that grow around a group of luminous filaments. Imagine that in this band of or- ganic life some bubbles are formed around the lumi- nous filaments in the center of the band, others are formed close to the edges; the band is wide enough to accommodate every kind of organic being with room to spare. In such an arrangement, bubbles that are close to the edges of the band miss altogether the em- anations that are in the center of the band, which are shared only by bubbles that are aligned with the cen- ter. By the same token, bubbles in the center miss the emanations from the edges. "As you can understand, organic beings share the emanations of one band; yet seers see that within that organic band beings are as different as they can be." "Are there many of these great bands?" I asked. "As many as infinity itself," he replied. "Seers have found out, however, that in the earth there are only forty-eight such bands." "What is the meaning of that, don Juan?" "For seers it means that there are forty-eight types of organizations on the earth, forty-eight types of clus- ters or structures. Organic life is one of them." "Does that mean that there are forty-seven types of inorganic life?" "No, not at all. The old seers counted seven bands that produced inorganic bubbles of awareness. In other words, there are forty bands that produce bub- bles without awareness; those are bands that generate only organization. "Think of the great bands as being like trees. All of them bear fruit; they produce containers filled with emanations; yet only eight of those trees bear edible fruit, that is, bubbles of awareness. Seven have sour fruit, but edible nonetheless, and one has the most juicy, luscious fruit there is." He laughed and said that in his analogy he had taken the point of view of the Eagle, for whom the most delectable morsels are the organic bubbles of aware- ness. "What makes those eight bands produce aware- ness?" I asked. "The Eagle bestows awareness through its emana- tions," he replied. His answer made me argue with him. I told him that to say that the Eagle bestows awareness through its emanations is like what a religious man would say about God, that God bestows life through love. It does not mean anything. "The two statements are not made from the same point of view," he patiently said. "And yet I think they mean the same thing. The difference is that seers see how the Eagle bestows awareness through its em- anations and religious men don't see how God bestows life through his love." He said that the way the Eagle bestows awareness is by means of three giant bundles of emanations that run through eight great bands. These bundles are quite peculiar, because they make seers feel a hue. One bundle gives the feeling of being beige-pink, some- thing like the glow of pink-colored street lamps; an- other gives the feeling of being peach, like buff neon lights; and the third bundle gives the feeling of being amber, like clear honey. "So, it is a matter of seeing a hue when seers see that the Eagle bestows awareness through its emana- tions," he went on. "Religious men don't see God's love, but if they would see it, they would know that it is either pink, peach, or amber. "Man, for example, is attached to the amber bun- dle, but so are other beings." I wanted to know which beings shared those ema- nations with man. "Details like that you will have to find out for your- self through your own seeing,"' he said. "There is no point in my telling you which ones; you will only be making another inventory. Suffice it to say that finding that out for yourself will be one of the most exciting things you'll ever do." "Do the pink and peach bundles also show in man?" I asked. "Never. Those bundles belong to other living beings," he replied. I was about to ask a question, but with a forceful movement of his hand, he signaled me to stop. He then became immersed in thought. We were envel- oped in complete silence for a long time. "I've told you that the glow of awareness in man has different colors." he finally said. "What I didn't tell you then, because we hadn't gotten to that point yet, was that they are not colors but casts of amber." He said that the amber bundle of awareness has an infinitude of subtle variants, which always denote dif- ferences in quality of awareness. Pink and pale-green amber are the most common casts. Blue amber is more unusual, but pure amber is by far the most rare. "What determines the particular casts of amber?" "Seers say that the amount of energy that one saves and stores determines the cast. Countless numbers of warriors have begun with an ordinary pink amber cast and have finished with the purest of all ambers. Ge- naro and Silvio Manuel are examples of that." "What forms of life belong to the pink and the peach bundles of awareness?" I asked. "The three bundles with all their casts crisscross the eight bands," he replied. "In the organic band, the pink bundle belongs mainly to plants, the peach band belongs to insects, and the amber band belongs to man and other animals. "The same situation is prevalent in the inorganic bands. The three bundles of awareness produce spe- cific kinds of inorganic beings in each of the seven great bands." I asked him to elaborate on the kinds of inorganic beings that existed. "That is another thing that you must see for your- self," he said. "The seven bands and what they pro- duce are indeed inaccessible to human reason, but not to human seeing." I told him that I could not quite grasp his explana- tion of the great bands, because his description had forced me to imagine them as independent bundles of strings, or even as flat bands, like conveyor belts. He explained that the great bands are neither flat nor round, but indescribably clustered together, like a pile of hay, which is held together in midair by the force of the hand that pitched it. Thus, there is no order to the emanations; to say that there is a central part or that there are edges is misleading, but neces- sary to understanding. Continuing, he explained that inorganic beings pro- duced by the seven other bands of awareness are char- acterized by having a container that has no motion; it is rather a formless receptacle with a low degree of luminosity. It does not look like the cocoon of organic beings. It lacks the tautness, the inflated quality that makes organic beings look like luminous balls bursting with energy. Don Juan said that the only similarity between in- organic and organic beings is that all of them have the awareness-bestowing pink or peach or amber emana- tions. "Those emanations, under certain circumstances," he continued, "make possible the most fascinating communication between the beings of those eight great bands." He said that usually the organic beings, with their greater fields of energy, are the initiators of commu- nication with inorganic beings, but a subtle and so- phisticated follow-up is always the province of the inorganic beings. Once the barrier is broken, inorganic beings change and become what seers call allies. From that moment inorganic beings can anticipate the seer's most subtle thoughts or moods or fears. "The old seers became mesmerized by such devo- tion from their allies," he went on. "Stories are that the old seers could make their allies do anything they wanted. That was one of the reasons they believed in their own invulnerability. They got fooled by their self-importance. The allies have power only if the seer who sees them is the paragon of impeccability; and those old seers just weren't." "Are there as many inorganic beings as there are living organisms?" I asked. He said that inorganic beings are not as plentiful as organic ones, but that this is offset by the greater num- ber of bands of inorganic awareness. Also, the differ- ences among the inorganic beings themselves are more vast than the differences among organisms, be- cause organisms belong to only one band while inor- ganic beings belong to seven bands. "Besides, inorganic beings live infinitely longer than organisms," he continued. "This matter is what prompted the old seers to concentrate their seeing on the allies, for reasons I will tell you about later on." He said that the old seers also came to realize that it is the high energy of organisms and the subsequent high development of their awareness that make them delectable morsels for the Eagle. In the old seers' view, gluttony was the reason the Eagle produced as many organisms as possible. He explained next that the product of the other forty great bands is not awareness at all, but a configuration of inanimate energy. The old seers chose to call what- ever is produced by those bands, vessels. While cocoons and containers are fields of energetic awareness, which accounts for their independent luminosity, vessels are rigid receptacles that hold em- anations without being fields of energetic awareness. Their luminosity comes only from the energy of the encased emanations. "You must bear in mind that everything on the earth is encased," he continued. "Whatever we per- ceive is made up of portions of cocoons or vessels with emanations. Ordinarily, we don't perceive the containers of inorganic beings at all." He looked at me, waiting for a sign of comprehen- sion. When he realized I was not going to oblige him, he continued explaining. "The total world is made of the forty-eight bands," he said. "The world that our assemblage point assem- bles for our normal perception is made up of two bands; one is the organic band, the other is a band that has only structure, but no awareness. The other forty- six great bands are not part of the world we normally perceive." He paused again for pertinent questions. I had none. "There are other complete worlds that our assem- blage points can assemble," he went on. "The old seers counted seven such worlds, one for each band of awareness. I'll add that two of those worlds, be- sides the world of everyday life, are easy to assemble; the other five are something else." When we again sat down to talk, don Juan immedi- ately began to talk about my experience with la Cata- lina. He said that a shift of the assemblage point to the area below its customary position allows the seer a detailed and narrow view of the world we know. So detailed is that view that it seems to be an entirely different world. It is a mesmerizing view that has a tremendous appeal, especially for those seers who have an adventurous but somehow indolent and lazy spirit. "The change of perspective is very pleasant," don Juan went on. "Minimal effort is required, and the results are staggering. If a seer is driven by quick gain, there is no better maneuver than the shift below. The only problem is that in those positions of the assem- blage point, seers are plagued by death, which hap- pens even more brutally and more quickly than in man's position. "The nagual Julian thought it was a great place for cavorting, but that's all." He said that a true change of worlds happens only when the assemblage point moves into man's band, deep enough to reach a crucial threshold, at which stage the assemblage point can use another of the great bands. "How does it use it?" I asked. He shrugged his shoulders. "It's a matter of en- ergy," he said. "The force of alignment hooks another band, provided that the seer has enough energy. Our normal energy allows our assemblage points to use the force of alignment of one great band of emanations. And we perceive the world we know. But if we have a surplus of energy, we can use the force of alignment of other great bands, and consequently we perceive other worlds." Don Juan abruptly changed the subject and began to talk about plants. "This may seem like an oddity to you," he said, "but trees, for instance, are closer to man than ants. I've told you that trees and man can develop a great relationship; that's so because they share emana- tions." "How big are their cocoons?" I asked. "The cocoon of a giant tree is not much larger than the tree itself. The interesting part is that some tiny plants have a cocoon almost as big as a man's body and three times its width. Those are power plants. They share the largest amount of emanations with man, not the emanations of awareness, but other em- anations in general. "Another thing unique about plants is that their lu- minosities have different casts. They are pinkish in general, because their awareness is pink. Poisonous plants are a pale yellow pink and medicinal plants are a bright violet pink. The only ones that are white pink are power plants; some are murky white, others are brilliant white. "But the real difference between plants and other organic beings is the location of their assemblage points. Plants have it on the lower part of their co- coon, while other organic beings have it on the upper part of their cocoon." "What about the inorganic beings?" I asked. "Where do they have their assemblage points?" "Some have it on the lower part of their contain- ers," he said. "Those are thoroughly alien to man, but akin to plants. Others have it anywhere on the upper part of their containers. Those are close to man and other organic creatures." He added that the old seers were convinced that plants have the most intense communication with in- organic beings. They believed that the lower the as- semblage point, the easier for plants to break the barrier of perception; very large trees and very small plants have their assemblage points extremely low in their cocoon. Because of this, a great number of the old seers' sorcery techniques were means to harness the awareness of trees and small plants in order to use them as guides to descend to what they called the deepest levels of the dark regions. "You understand, of course," don Juan went on, "that when they thought they were descending to the depths, they were, in fact, pushing their assemblage points to assemble other perceivable worlds with those seven great bands. "They taxed their awareness to the limit and assem- bled worlds with five great bands that are accessible to seers only if they undergo a dangerous transforma- tion." "But did the old seers succeed in assembling those worlds?" I asked. "They did," he said. "In their aberration they be- lieved it was worth their while to break all the barriers of perception, even if they had to become trees to do that." 11 Stalking, Intent and the Dreaming Position The next day, in the early evening again, don Juan came to the room where I was talking with Genaro. He took me by the arm and walked me through the house to the back patio. It was already fairly dark. We started to walk around in the corridor that encircled the patio. As we walked, don Juan told me that he wanted to warn me once again that it is very easy in the path of knowledge to get lost in intricacies and morbidity. He said that seers are up against great enemies that can destroy their purpose, muddle their aims, and make them weak; enemies created by the warriors' path it- self together with the sense of indolence, laziness, and self-importance that are integral parts of the daily world. He remarked that the mistakes the ancient seers made as a result of indolence, laziness, and self-im- portance were so enormous and so grave that the new seers had no option but to scorn and reject their own tradition. "The most important thing the new seers needed," don Juan continued, "was practical steps in order to make their assemblage points shift. Since they had none, they began by developing a keen interest in seeing the glow of awareness, and as a result they worked out three sets of techniques that became their cornerstone." Don Juan said that with these three sets, the new seers accomplished a most extraordinary and difficult feat. They succeeded in systematically making the as- semblage point shift away from its customary posi- tion. He acknowledged that the old seers had also accomplished that feat, but by means of capricious, idiosyncratic maneuvers. He explained that what the new seers saw in the glow of awareness resulted in the sequence in which they arranged the old seers' truths about awareness. This is known as the mastery of awareness. From that, they developed the three sets of techniques. The first is the mastery of stalking, the second is the mastery of intent, and the third is the mastery of dreaming. He maintained that he had taught me these three sets from the very first day we met. He told me that he had taught me the mastery of awareness in two ways, just as the new seers recom- mend. In his teachings for the right side, which he had done in normal awareness, he accomplished two goals: he taught me the warriors' way, and he loos- ened my assemblage point from its original position. In his teachings for the left side, which he had done in heightened awareness, he also accomplished two goals: he had made my assemblage point shift to as many positions as I was capable of sustaining, and he had given me a long series of explanations. Don Juan stopped talking and stared at me fixedly. There was an awkward silence; then he started to talk about stalking. He said that it had very humble and fortuitous origins. It started from an observation the new seers made that when warriors steadily behave in ways not customary for them, the unused emanations inside their cocoons begin to glow. And their assem- blage points shift in a mild, harmonious, barely notice- able fashion. Stimulated by this observation, the new seers began to practice the systematic control of their behavior. They called this practice the art of stalking. Don Juan remarked that the name, although objectionable, was appropriate, because stalking entailed a specific kind of behavior with people, behavior that could be cate- gorized as surreptitious. The new seers, armed with this technique, tackled the known in a sober and fruitful way. By continual practice, they made their assemblage points move steadily. "Stalking is one of the two greatest accomplish- ments of the new seers." he said. "The new seers decided that it should be taught to a modern-day na- gual when his assemblage point has moved quite deep into the left side. The reason for this decision is that a nagual must learn the principles of stalking without the encumbrance of the human inventory. After all, the nagual is the leader of a group, and to lead them he has to act quickly without first having to think about it. "Other warriors can learn stalking in their normal awareness, although it is advisable that they do it in heightened awareness?not so much because of the value of heightened awareness, but because it imbues stalking with a mystery that it doesn't really have; stalking is merely behavior with people." He said that I could now understand that shifting the assemblage point was the reason why the new seers placed such a high value on the interaction with petty tyrants. Petty tyrants forced seers to use the principles of stalking and, in doing so, helped seers to move their assemblage points. I asked him if the old seers knew anything at all about the principles of stalking. '"Stalking belongs exclusively to the new seers," he said, smiling. "They are the only seers who had to deal with people. The old ones were so wrapped up in their sense of power that they didn't even know that people existed, until people started clobbering them on the head. But you already know all this." Don Juan said next that the mastery of intent to- gether with the mastery of stalking are the new seers' two masterpieces, which mark the arrival of the mod- ern-day seers. He explained that in their efforts to gain an advantage over their oppressors the new seers pur- sued every possibility. They knew that